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Complex Contact Interaction for Systems with Short-Range Two-Body Losses.

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We introduce complex scattering lengths to describe two-body losses in open quantum systems. This approach enriches Bose-Einstein condensate physics, showing dissipation can prevent collapse and enabling new experimental studies.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Open quantum systems
  • Bose-Einstein condensates

Background:

  • Contact interaction simplifies physics models using zero-range potentials and s-wave scattering length.
  • Open quantum systems involve dissipation and require advanced theoretical frameworks beyond standard Hamiltonians.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Generalize contact interaction to open quantum systems with two-body losses.
  • Develop methods to regularize Lindblad master equations for zero-range interactions.
  • Investigate the impact of complex scattering lengths on dissipative Bose-Einstein condensates.

Main Methods:

  • Describing short-range two-body losses with a complex scattering length.
  • Regularizing Lindblad master equation terms in the zero-range limit.
  • Applying complex contact interaction to a weakly interacting, dissipating Bose-Einstein condensate.

Main Results:

  • Short-range two-body losses are effectively modeled by a complex scattering length.
  • Dissipation can stabilize attractive Bose-Einstein condensates, preventing collapse.
  • Particle decay is calculated to the order of (density)^{3/2}, analogous to Lee-Huang-Yang corrections.

Conclusions:

  • Complex scattering lengths offer a powerful tool for studying open quantum systems with losses.
  • The dynamics of dissipative Bose-Einstein condensates are significantly enriched by complex scattering lengths.
  • This framework opens avenues for experimental control and investigation in cold atomic gases.