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Genome-wide Purification of Extrachromosomal Circular DNA from Eukaryotic Cells
Published on: April 4, 2016
Amazing roles of extrachromosomal DNA in cancer progression
Leilei Zhao1, Yicun Jiang1, Xiaoyong Lei2
1School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 Western Changsheng Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China.
Abstract:
In cancers, extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) has gained renewed interest since its first discovery, presenting its roles in tumorigenesis. Because of the unique structure and genetic characteristics, extrachromosomal DNA shed new light on development, early diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of cancers. Occurs in cancer cells, extrachromosomal DNA, one dissociative circular extrachromosomal element, drives the amplification of oncogenes, promotes the transcription and lifts tumor heterogeneity to participate in tumorigenesis. Given its role act as messenger, extrachromosomal DNA is connected with drug resistance, tumor microenvironment, germline and aging. The diversity of space and time gives extrachromosomal DNA a crucial role in cancer progression that has been ignored for decades. Thus, in this review, we will focus on some unique information of extrachromosomal DNA and the regulation of oncogenes as well as its roles and possible mechanisms in tumorigenesis, which are of great significance for us to understand extrachromosomal DNA comprehensively in carcinogenic mechanism.
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