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Cognitive Complaints Assessment and Neuropsychiatric Disorders After Mild COVID-19 Infection
Mariana Beiral Hammerle1, Deborah Santos Sales1, Patricia Gomes Pinheiro1
1Departamento de Neurologia, Hospital Universitário Gaffrée e Guinle/HUGG Programa de Pós Graduação em Neurologia da Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), RJ, Brazil.
Summary
Long COVID can cause cognitive impairment, affecting attention and processing speed. While fatigue, anxiety, and depression are common, they show only a slight correlation with these cognitive deficits in mild COVID-19 cases.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Infectious Diseases
- Psychiatry
Background:
- Long-term cognitive impairment, or "Long COVID," is a growing concern following COVID-19 infection.
- Neuropsychiatric symptoms like fatigue, anxiety, and depression frequently occur in the post-COVID-19 phase.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze cognitive impairment in patients with long-term COVID-19 syndrome.
- To investigate the correlation between cognitive deficits and symptoms of anxiety, depression, and fatigue.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 127 patients with COVID-19.
- Utilized the Fatigue Severity Scale, Mini-Mental State Exam 2 (MMSE-2), Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale for screening.
Main Results:
- The Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) identified cognitive impairment in 22% of patients, proving more sensitive than the MMSE-2.
- Fatigue, depression, and anxiety were prevalent but showed a weak correlation with cognitive test performance.
Conclusions:
- The SDMT is effective in detecting attention and processing speed disturbances in mild COVID-19 patients with cognitive complaints.
- Cognitive impairment in Long COVID warrants further investigation, particularly regarding its relationship with neuropsychiatric symptoms.
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