[Modern principles of safety in laparoscopic cholecystectomy]

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has many advantages over open surgery. Nevertheless, incidence of intraoperative bile duct injury is consistently higher for laparoscopic technique. This review is devoted to modern principles of identifying the anatomical elements in hepatoduodenal ligament and rules for safe tissue dissection in this area. The last ones mainly consist in formation of «critical view of safety» before clipping and transection of tubular structures. The key for «critical view of safety» is mobilization of fatty and fibrous tissues of hepatocystic triangle starting from the lower third of the gallbladder.