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Factors Associated with the Development of Thrombosis in Pediatric Behçet Disease
Vildan Güngörer1, Merve Cansu Polat1, Elif Çelikel1
1From the Divisions of Pediatric Rheumatology.
Insights
Male sex and elevated inflammatory markers like erythrocyte sedimentation rate are risk factors for thrombosis in pediatric Behçet disease (BD). These findings may help predict thrombosis in children with BD.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Rheumatology
- Vascular Medicine
- Immunology
Background:
- Pediatric Behçet disease (BD) is a rare systemic vasculitis.
- Thrombosis is a significant complication in pediatric BD, impacting patient outcomes.
- Identifying risk factors for thrombosis is crucial for early intervention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare demographic, clinical, and laboratory features of pediatric BD patients with and without thrombosis.
- To identify factors associated with thrombosis development in pediatric BD.
- To elucidate potential predictive markers for thrombosis in this population.
Main Methods:
- Observational, descriptive study of medical records from 85 pediatric BD patients (diagnosed <16 years).
- Comparison of demographic, clinical, and laboratory data between patients with and without thrombosis.
- Multivariable logistic regression analysis to evaluate risk factors for thrombosis.
Main Results:
- Central venous sinus thrombosis was the most frequent type.
- Thrombosis was significantly more prevalent in males (p=0.002).
- Higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR >17 mm/h), C-reactive protein, leukocyte, and neutrophil counts, and antinuclear antibody positivity were associated with thrombosis.
- Lower mean platelet volume and lymphocyte counts were observed in patients with thrombosis.
Conclusions:
- Male sex is a significant risk factor for thrombosis in pediatric BD.
- Elevated inflammatory markers (e.g., ESR) may serve as predictive factors for thrombosis in pediatric BD.
- These findings highlight the importance of monitoring inflammatory status in pediatric BD patients to assess thrombosis risk.
Objective:
The present study aimed to compare the demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of patients with pediatric Behçet disease (BD) with and without thrombosis to elucidate the factors that may contribute to the development of thrombosis.
Methods:
This observational, descriptive, medical records review study included patients with BD (n = 85) who were diagnosed at age younger than 16 years at our clinic between 2010 and 2022. The demographic, clinical, and available laboratory data of patients with and without thrombosis were compared. The potential risk factors for the development of thrombosis were evaluated with multivariable logistic regression analysis.
Results:
Central venous sinus thrombosis was the most common type of thrombosis. Thrombosis was significantly more common in male patients ( p = 0.002), and regression analysis revealed that being male was a risk factor for developing thrombosis. Genital ulcers were less common in patients with thromboses. Patients with thrombosis had higher erythrocyte sedimentation rates, C-reactive protein, leukocyte, and neutrophil counts, as well as antinuclear antibody positivity. In contrast, mean platelet volume and lymphocyte counts were significantly lower in patients with thrombosis. According to the logistic regression analysis, erythrocyte sedimentation rate value >17 mm/h was a risk factor for developing thrombosis (odds ratio, 1; confidence interval, 1.1-1.8; p = 0.012).
Conclusions:
Male sex has been associated with an increased risk of thrombosis in children with BD. Inflammatory parameters may serve as predictive factors for thrombosis in pediatric BD.
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