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CNS-peripheral immune interactions in hemorrhagic stroke.

Xiang Li1,2, Gang Chen1,2

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.

Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism : Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism
|December 8, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Hemorrhagic strokes like intracerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage trigger immune responses that worsen brain injury. Understanding these central nervous system-peripheral immune interactions may reveal new therapeutic targets for stroke.

Keywords:
Systemic inflammationimmune dysregulationintracerebral hemorrhagestrokesubarachnoid hemorrhage

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Cerebrovascular Diseases

Background:

  • Stroke, a cerebrovascular disease, causes brain damage and triggers a hyperactive immune response.
  • This systemic inflammation and immunomodulatory disorder significantly impact stroke outcomes.
  • Ischemic stroke may activate peripheral immunity, exacerbating brain injury.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review central nervous system-peripheral immune interactions following hemorrhagic stroke (intracerebral hemorrhage [ICH] and subarachnoid hemorrhage [SAH]).
  • To investigate inflammatory progression and cell infiltration after ICH and SAH.
  • To explore potential therapeutic targets for hemorrhagic stroke.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on inflammatory responses after hemorrhagic stroke.
  • Analysis of inflammatory cell infiltration and its role in blood-brain barrier disruption.
  • Examination of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and CNS-peripheral interactions.

Main Results:

  • Hemorrhagic stroke induces inflammatory progression and immune cell infiltration, worsening brain injury.
  • Blood-brain barrier disruption facilitates peripheral immune cell entry into the CNS.
  • Hemorrhagic stroke triggers systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS).

Conclusions:

  • Understanding CNS-peripheral immune crosstalk is crucial for managing hemorrhagic stroke.
  • Identifying inflammatory targets offers potential for novel therapeutic strategies.
  • Further research into immune modulation could improve stroke recovery and prognosis.