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Updated: Aug 18, 2025

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Defining dysphagia - a modified multi-professional Danish Delphi study.

Anne Højager Nielsen1,2, Signe Janum Eskildsen3,4, Janne Danielsen5

  • 1Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Gødstrup Hospital, Herning, Denmark.

Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology
|December 8, 2022
PubMed
Summary

A new Danish definition of dysphagia was established to improve collaboration. The consensus definition highlights dysphagia as a functional impairment affecting food intake, swallowing safety, and quality of life.

Keywords:
Chewing disorderDelphi Studydeglutitiondysphagiamasticationswallowing disorder

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Area of Science:

  • Clinical Medicine
  • Speech and Language Pathology

Background:

  • Dysphagia lacks a universally accepted definition in Denmark.
  • A standardized definition is crucial for interdisciplinary and inter-professional collaboration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a consensus-based Danish definition of dysphagia.
  • To enhance collaboration among healthcare sectors and professions involved in dysphagia care.

Main Methods:

  • Modified Delphi methodology employed.
  • Initiated by the Danish Society for Dysphagia.
  • Involved literature search, expert consensus rounds (2), and stakeholder consultation.

Main Results:

  • A preferred definition emerged after two Delphi rounds.
  • High participation rates with broad representation (194 in round 1, 279 in round 2).
  • Participants possessed extensive experience in dysphagia management.

Conclusions:

  • The consensus definition is: 'Dysphagia is a functional impairment that either prevents or limits the intake of food and fluids, and which makes swallowing unsafe, inefficient, uncomfortable or affects quality of life'.
  • The definition achieved wide acceptance across professional groups, patients, and sectors.
  • This unified definition is expected to improve dysphagia care and collaboration in Denmark.