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Iron deficiency anemia in infants in Sousa (PB), Brazil: an association with nutritional status

Luênnia Kerlly Alves Rocha de Araújo1, João Carlos Pina Faria1,2, Roseli Oselka Saccardo Sarni1,3

  • 1Centro Universitário Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Departamento de Pediatria - Santo André (SP), Brasil.

Revista Da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992)
|December 8, 2022
PubMed

Insights

High rates of anemia and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) were found in infants, with iron deficiency linked to poorer weight-for-height, highlighting infant nutritional vulnerability.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Hematology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Anemia and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) are significant global health concerns in infants.
  • Nutritional status is crucial for infant development, especially during the introduction of complementary feeding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of anemia and IDA in infants aged 7-9 months.
  • To investigate the relationship between iron deficiency and infant nutritional status.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 104 infants (7-9 months) in Brazil.
  • Data collection included clinical, anthropometric measurements, and 24-hour dietary recall using DietPro software.
  • Statistical analysis involved multiple logistic regression to identify factors associated with iron deficiency.

Main Results:

  • Anemia prevalence was 40.4%, and IDA prevalence was 19.2%.
  • Infants with IDA showed lower hemoglobin and ferritin levels and increased Z-scores for BMI-for-age, weight-for-height, and weight-for-age.
  • Iron deficiency was significantly associated with a higher weight-for-height Z-score (OR: 2.86).

Conclusions:

  • Approximately 60% of infants exhibited anemia or IDA.
  • Iron deficiency is linked to altered anthropometric indicators, emphasizing infant vulnerability during complementary feeding.
  • Findings underscore the need for monitoring and intervention strategies for infant iron status.
Abstract

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