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Related Concept Videos

Inorganic Nitrogen Assimilation01:22

Inorganic Nitrogen Assimilation

71
Nitrogen is an essential element in biological systems, forming a crucial component of proteins, nucleic acids, and other cellular constituents. Many bacteria and archaea acquire nitrogen in the form of nitrate (NO₃⁻) or ammonia (NH₃), which are then assimilated into biomolecules through specific enzymatic pathways.Assimilatory Nitrate ReductionWhen nitrate enters the cell, it undergoes a two-step reduction process known as assimilatory nitrate reduction. Initially, the enzyme...
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Nitriles to Amines: LiAlH4 Reduction00:55

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Nitriles are reduced to amines in the presence of strong reducing agents like lithium aluminum hydride through a typical nucleophilic acyl substitution. The reaction requires two equivalents of the reducing agent. The reducing agent acts as a source of hydride ions.
As shown below, the mechanism involves three steps. Firstly, the hydride ion acting as a nucleophile attacks the nitrile carbon to form an anion. In the second step, a second equivalent of the hydride ion attacks the anion to...
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Efficient interlayer confined nitrate reduction reaction and oxygen generation enabled by interlayer expansion.

Ye Zhang1, Mengqiu Xu1, Xudong Xu1

  • 1College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China. yewei@hznu.edu.cn.

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|December 8, 2022
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Summary

This study introduces Fe-doped layered nickel hydroxide as a bifunctional catalyst for electrochemical nitrate reduction to ammonia and oxygen evolution. This novel catalyst efficiently converts pollutants into valuable ammonia, offering a sustainable alternative to traditional methods.

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Electrochemical nitrate reduction to ammonia offers a sustainable route for pollution control and ammonia synthesis.
  • Existing catalysts typically perform single electrode reactions, limiting bifunctional applications.
  • Developing bifunctional catalysts for both nitrate reduction and oxygen evolution is crucial for efficient overall water electrolysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an efficient bifunctional catalyst for both nitrate reduction reaction (NRR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER).
  • To investigate the role of Fe-doping and expanded interlayer spacing in α-Ni(OH)2 for catalytic activity.
  • To demonstrate the catalyst's performance in overall water electrolysis for ammonia production and pollution remediation.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of Fe-doped layered α-Ni(OH)2 with expanded interlayer spacing.
  • Electrochemical characterization including cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry.
  • In situ Raman spectroscopy to study reaction mechanisms.
  • Performance evaluation in overall water electrolysis.

Main Results:

  • Fe-doped α-Ni(OH)2 exhibits bifunctional catalytic activity for NRR and OER.
  • Expanded interlayer spacing facilitates in situ potassium ion intercalation, triggering reactions.
  • High ammonia yield rate (8.1 mol gcat.-1 h-1) and faradaic efficiency (97.5%) achieved for NRR.
  • Reduced overpotential for OER (254 mV at 10 mA cm-2) and stable performance in overall electrolysis (24.8 mA cm-2 at 2.0 V for 50 h).

Conclusions:

  • Fe-doped layered α-Ni(OH)2 is an efficient bifunctional catalyst for electrochemical nitrate conversion and water splitting.
  • The catalyst's performance is attributed to expanded interlayer spacing and in situ ion intercalation.
  • This work presents a promising strategy for simultaneous water pollution control and valuable chemical production.