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Association between masticatory dysfunction and gastroesophageal reflux disease: A population-based study in the
Luana Soares Kuze1, Fernando Fornari1, Kauê Collares1
1Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Dental School, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil.
Journal of Oral Rehabilitation
|December 8, 2022
Summary
Elderly individuals with chewing difficulties, often due to tooth loss, have a higher prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). This study highlights the link between masticatory dysfunction and GERD in older adults.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Gastroenterology
- Oral Health
Background:
- Dental issues like caries and periodontal disease can lead to tooth loss and impaired chewing, particularly in the elderly.
- Poorly chewed food intake may exacerbate gastric emptying delays and contribute to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between masticatory dysfunction and GERD in elderly individuals residing in a rural area of southern Brazil.
Main Methods:
- A census-based study included 455 elderly participants (93.1% response rate) from a southern Brazilian rural city.
- Data collection involved a GERD symptoms questionnaire and an oral examination.
- Masticatory dysfunction was assessed by chewing difficulty for various food types, alongside self-perceived chewing ability and tooth loss.
Main Results:
- The prevalence of GERD in the study population was 36.9%.
- GERD showed a significant association with chewing difficulty for vegetables (PR=1.54), meats (PR=1.34), and cereals (PR=1.43).
- GERD was also associated with xerostomia (dry mouth) (PR=1.63) and being female (PR=1.35).
Conclusions:
- A high prevalence of GERD was observed in elderly individuals with reduced dentition and associated chewing difficulties.
- The findings indicate a significant association between masticatory dysfunction and GERD in this elderly rural population.
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