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Related Concept Videos

Vision01:24

Vision

54.8K
Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
54.8K
Visual Agnosia01:12

Visual Agnosia

268
Visual agnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite having normal vision. For instance, a person with visual agnosia can describe the shape and color of an object but cannot identify or name it. This impairment does not affect their visual field, acuity, color vision, brightness discrimination, language, or memory. An example of this condition in a social setting is someone at a dinner party asking for "that silver thing with a round...
268
Color Vision01:24

Color Vision

648
Color perception begins in the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. Two main theories explain how colors are seen: the trichromatic theory and the opponent-process theory. The trichromatic theory, proposed by Thomas Young in 1802 and extended by Hermann von Helmholtz in 1852, suggests that color vision is based on three types of cone receptors in the retina. These cones are sensitive to different but overlapping ranges of wavelengths corresponding to red, blue, and green.
648
Association Areas of the Cortex01:21

Association Areas of the Cortex

5.8K
Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
5.8K
Visual System01:26

Visual System

645
Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...
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Updated: Aug 18, 2025

A Standardized Obstacle Course for Assessment of Visual Function in Ultra Low Vision and Artificial Vision
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A Standardized Obstacle Course for Assessment of Visual Function in Ultra Low Vision and Artificial Vision

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Visual Function Tests.

Ritah Chumdermpadetsuk1, Sara D Ragi2, Stephen H Tsang3

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA. rc3154@cumc.columbia.edu.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|December 9, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Objective assessments are vital for monitoring inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) like retinitis pigmentosa. This chapter details methods to track vision loss and evaluate new IRD therapies.

Keywords:
Inherited retinal diseaseNyctalopiaRetinitis pigmentosaVisual acuityVisual fieldVisual function

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Genetics
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) cause progressive vision loss, impacting visual field, acuity, and night vision (nyctalopia).
  • These conditions, such as retinitis pigmentosa, have profound effects on patients' quality of life.
  • Slow disease progression over decades necessitates reliable monitoring methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe objective assessment modalities for visual function in IRDs.
  • To discuss the advantages and limitations of these methods.
  • To highlight their importance in tracking disease progression and evaluating therapeutic interventions in clinical trials.

Main Methods:

  • Review of established and emerging objective tests for visual field, visual acuity, and night vision.
  • Analysis of modality suitability for IRD patient populations.
  • Discussion of data interpretation in the context of disease monitoring and clinical trial outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Comprehensive descriptions of various objective assessment tools are provided.
  • Advantages and limitations of each modality are critically evaluated.
  • The utility of these assessments in clinical trials for IRDs is emphasized.

Conclusions:

  • Objective assessment modalities are indispensable for managing IRDs.
  • Accurate monitoring aids in understanding disease trajectory and treatment efficacy.
  • These methods are crucial for advancing the development of new therapies for IRDs.