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D-dimers in omicron versus delta: A retrospective analysis

Alon H Shulman1, Barry Jacobson1,2, Bradley M Segal1

  • 1Department of Haematology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, National Health Laboratory Service, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.

Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases
|December 9, 2022
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) infections showed significantly lower D-dimer levels compared to the delta variant (B.1.617.2). Age was a stronger predictor of D-dimer levels than gender or SARS-CoV-2 variant.

Area of Science:

  • Medical research
  • Virology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • SARS-CoV-2 infection elevates D-dimers, indicating severity and mortality risk.
  • The B.1.617.2 (delta) variant is associated with higher D-dimer levels.
  • Limited data exists on D-dimer levels during B.1.1.529 (omicron) variant infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of age, gender, and SARS-CoV-2 variants (delta and omicron) on D-dimer levels.
  • To compare D-dimer levels between delta and omicron variant infections in South African patients.
  • To identify key predictors of D-dimer levels in SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 16,010 adult patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Data collection included age, gender, PCR results, and admission D-dimer levels.
  • Patients were categorized into delta (May-Oct 2021) and omicron (Nov-Dec 2021) infection groups.

Main Results:

  • Omicron infections had a median D-dimer of 0.54 µg/mL, significantly lower than delta.
  • Omicron infection was associated with a 34.30% reduction in D-dimer compared to delta.
  • Age was a significant predictor, with older age groups showing substantially higher D-dimer levels. Males had slightly lower D-dimer levels than females.

Conclusions:

  • The B.1.1.529 (omicron) variant is associated with significantly lower D-dimer levels than the B.1.617.2 (delta) variant.
  • Age is a more significant predictor of D-dimer levels than gender or SARS-CoV-2 variant.
  • Findings offer insights into the hypercoagulable effects of different SARS-CoV-2 variants, aiding patient management.
Keywords:
B.1.1.529B.1.617.2D-dimerSARS-CoV-2deltaomicron

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