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Ploidy Manipulation of Zebrafish Embryos with Heat Shock 2 Treatment
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Can a sperm selection technique improve embryo ploidy?

Olena M Kocur1, Philip Xie1, Stephanie Cheung1

  • 1The Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA.

Andrology
|December 9, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microfluidic sperm selection (MFSS) significantly reduces sperm DNA fragmentation, leading to higher embryo euploidy rates and improved pregnancy outcomes in couples with recurrent aneuploidy. This method enhances embryo developmental competence by selecting sperm with intact genomes.

Keywords:
ICSIPGT-AdsDNA breaksembryo aneuploidymicrofluidicssperm chromatin fragmentation

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Genetics
  • Embryology

Background:

  • Elevated sperm chromatin fragmentation (SCF) is linked to impaired conceptus development and implantation.
  • The causal mechanism connecting SCF to poor embryo development remains unclear.
  • Microfluidic sperm selection (MFSS) yields motile sperm with higher genomic integrity, potentially reducing SCF.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between sperm chromatin fragmentation (SCF) and high embryo aneuploidy rates.
  • To evaluate microfluidic sperm selection (MFSS) as a treatment option for improving IVF/PGT-A outcomes.
  • To compare embryo aneuploidy and pregnancy rates between density gradient (DG) and MFSS sperm selection methods.

Main Methods:

  • Couples with prior ICSI/PGT-A failure due to aneuploidy were studied.
  • Semen specimens were assessed for total SCF and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) fragmentation using TUNEL and Comet assays.
  • Sperm selection was performed using both density gradient (DG) and microfluidic sperm selection (MFSS) in sequential cycles.
  • Embryo aneuploidy, implantation, pregnancy, and delivery rates were compared between DG and MFSS cycles.

Main Results:

  • MFSS significantly reduced total SCF from 18.0% to 1.9% and dsDNA fragmentation from 3.1% to 0.3% compared to DG.
  • Embryo euploidy rates improved from 25.3% (DG) to 42.9% (MFSS).
  • Implantation rates increased from 6.7% (DG) to 65.5% (MFSS), with clinical pregnancy rates rising from 10.5% to 64.6%.

Conclusions:

  • High embryo aneuploidy in infertile couples may indicate a subtle male factor related to sperm DNA fragmentation.
  • Assessing and addressing SCF is crucial for improving chromosomal integrity and IVF success.
  • MFSS enhances the selection of spermatozoa with intact genomes, leading to euploid embryos and increased successful pregnancies.