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Oncolytic Viruses for the Treatment of Bladder Cancer: Advances, Challenges, and Prospects

Henglong Hu1, Qidong Xia1, Jia Hu1

  • 1Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|December 11, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Oncolytic viruses offer a promising new immunotherapy for bladder cancer, especially for patients resistant to standard treatments. This review explores their potential and future research directions.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Virology
  • Immunotherapy

Background:

  • Bladder cancer remains a prevalent malignancy with unmet therapeutic needs, particularly for Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG)-refractory and advanced cases.
  • Current treatments show limitations, necessitating novel strategies to improve patient outcomes.
  • Oncolytic viruses represent a potential breakthrough in bladder cancer treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the advancements in using oncolytic viruses for bladder cancer treatment.
  • To highlight the potential of oncolytic viruses as an immunotherapeutic strategy.
  • To discuss challenges and future research directions in this field.

Main Methods:

  • Review of preclinical and clinical studies on various oncolytic viruses.
  • Analysis of viral mechanisms targeting tumor cells selectively.
  • Exploration of immunotherapeutic potential in bladder cancer models.

Main Results:

  • Diverse oncolytic viruses (adenoviruses, HSV, Coxsackievirus, NDV, VSV, alphavirus, vaccinia) show promise in preclinical and clinical bladder cancer studies.
  • Oncolytic viruses selectively infect and lyse tumor cells, sparing healthy tissues.
  • These viruses can stimulate anti-tumor immune responses.

Conclusions:

  • Oncolytic viruses are a promising immunotherapeutic approach for bladder cancer, offering new hope for treatment-resistant patients.
  • Further research is needed to overcome challenges and optimize their clinical application.
  • Continued investigation into oncolytic virus therapy is crucial for advancing bladder cancer treatment.
Keywords:
bladder cancerimmunotherapyoncolytic viral therapyoncolytic virus

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