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Deficit irrigation in sweet cherries reduced fruit cracking and improved fruit quality. Lower crop load increased fruit size, but deficit irrigation with low crop load resulted in darker, more acidic cherries.

Keywords:
deficit irrigationfruit and stem water potentialfruit qualityosmotic water potentialthinningtree water status

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Area of Science:

  • Horticulture
  • Plant Physiology
  • Agricultural Science

Background:

  • Sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) production is sensitive to water availability and crop load.
  • Optimizing irrigation and crop load is crucial for fruit quality and yield.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the combined effects of deficit irrigation and crop load on sweet cherry physiological and agronomic responses.
  • To determine the impact of these factors on fruit quality and cracking.

Main Methods:

  • Field experiment in southeastern Spain with two irrigation treatments (110% and 70% ETc).
  • Three crop load levels (100%, 66%, 33%) applied within each irrigation treatment.
  • Measurements included water relations, gas exchange, stem water potential, fruit quality, and fruit cracking.

Main Results:

  • Deficit irrigation significantly reduced soil water availability, gas exchange, and stem water potential.
  • Lower crop load resulted in larger fruit size, regardless of irrigation.
  • Deficit irrigation reduced fruit cracking, with 8.3% cracked cherries compared to 27.1% in control.
  • Lower crop load correlated with increased fruit cracking, especially under control irrigation.

Conclusions:

  • Deficit irrigation is effective in reducing pre-harvest fruit cracking in sweet cherries.
  • Crop load management influences fruit size, color, and acidity.
  • Balancing irrigation and crop load is key for optimizing sweet cherry production and quality.