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Related Concept Videos

Kidney Transplant I: Introduction01:28

Kidney Transplant I: Introduction

36
A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...
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Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management01:16

Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management

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Postoperative Nursing Management for Kidney Transplant PatientsPostoperative nursing management care includes monitoring the surgical site, encouraging early movement, and promoting lung health through breathing exercises. Nurses also administer prescribed medications like H2-blockers, such as famotidine, or proton pump inhibitors, like omeprazole, to help prevent gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding. Fungal infections in the mouth and bladder can result from immunosuppressive and antibiotic...
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Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure01:26

Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure

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Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living...
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Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

53
Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
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Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations

58
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
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Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations01:24

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations

60
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 17, 2025

Digital Home-Monitoring of Patients after Kidney Transplantation: The MACCS Platform
07:13

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Neurocognitive Function Changes Following Kidney Transplant: A Prospective Study.

Laura A Binari1, Amy L Kiehl2,3,4, James C Jackson2,3,4

  • 1Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.

Kidney Medicine
|December 12, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Kidney transplant recipients showed improved attention and executive function within a year, but global cognition did not significantly change. These findings highlight potential areas for post-transplant cognitive interventions.

Keywords:
Kidney transplantRBANSTRAIL ATRAIL Bneurocognitive function

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Neuroscience
  • Transplantation Medicine

Background:

  • Advanced kidney disease poses a risk for cognitive impairment.
  • Cognitive deficits may persist even after successful kidney transplantation.
  • Comprehensive neurocognitive assessments are crucial for evaluating post-transplant cognitive function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate changes in specific neurocognitive function domains after kidney transplantation.
  • To utilize comprehensive cognitive assessments to track cognitive changes.
  • To identify potential targets for intervention in the post-transplant population.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort study involving patients undergoing kidney transplantation.
  • Neurocognitive function was assessed using the Repeatable Battery for Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) and Trail Making Test Parts A and B (TRAIL A and B).
  • Cognitive scores were compared at baseline, 3 months, and 12 months post-transplant using Wilcoxon signed-rank and linear mixed effect models.

Main Results:

  • While immediate and delayed memory showed transient improvement at 3 months post-transplant, these gains were not sustained at 12 months.
  • No significant changes were observed in RBANS index scores for language, visuospatial/constructional abilities, and attention from baseline to 12 months.
  • Trail Making Test Part A scores improved significantly at 12 months post-transplant, and Part B scores improved significantly at both 3 and 12 months compared to baseline.

Conclusions:

  • Kidney transplantation is associated with improvements in attention and executive function within the first year, as indicated by TRAIL A and B scores.
  • Global cognitive function, assessed by RBANS, did not show significant improvement during the study period.
  • These results suggest specific cognitive domains that may benefit from targeted interventions in kidney transplant recipients.