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Updated: Aug 17, 2025

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Regulatory T cells and systemic vasculitis.

Adrien Mirouse1,2, Patrice Cacoub1,2, David Saadoun1,2

  • 1Sorbonne Université, APHP, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière France.

Current Opinion in Rheumatology
|December 12, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Regulatory T-cells (Treg) and IL-10 are key in systemic vasculitis. Deficiencies in Treg and altered IL-10 levels are disease-specific, with new therapies targeting these pathways showing promise.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Systemic vasculitis involves complex immune dysregulation.
  • Regulatory T-cells (Treg) and Interleukin-10 (IL-10) are implicated in vasculitis pathophysiology.

Approach:

  • Systematic review of recent advances in Treg and IL-10 roles.
  • Analysis of Treg and IL-10 in giant cell arteritis (GCA), Takayasu arteritis, Behçet's disease, ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV), and cryoglobulinemia.

Key Points:

  • Treg deficiencies are disease-specific, with reduced peripheral blood frequencies observed across vasculitis types.
  • Altered Treg functions and varying IL-10 levels (elevated or decreased depending on disease) are noted.
  • Biologics and immunosuppressants may restore Treg function, with differing effects in active disease versus remission.

Conclusions:

  • Treg and IL-10 are central to vasculitis inflammation regulation.
  • Emerging therapeutic strategies targeting Treg and IL-10 (e.g., low-dose IL-2, CAR Treg) offer new treatment avenues for systemic vasculitis.