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Design, Fabrication, and Experimental Characterization of Plasmonic Photoconductive Terahertz Emitters
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Plasmonic gain in current biased tilted Dirac nodes.

Sang Hyun Park1, Michael Sammon1, Eugene Mele2

  • 1Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.

Nature Communications
|December 12, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers propose amplifying surface plasmons in 2D materials using electrical current, bypassing external gain media. This method enhances plasmonic response and collimation in materials like WTe2.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Nanophotonics

Background:

  • Surface plasmons offer light confinement but face high intrinsic electronic losses.
  • External gain media have been used to compensate for these losses via stimulated emission.
  • A need exists for intrinsic methods to amplify surface plasmons.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and investigate intrinsic amplification of surface plasmons in two-dimensional (2D) materials.
  • To demonstrate plasmon gain without external gain media by utilizing electrical current bias.
  • To explore the potential of WTe2 as a material for this phenomenon.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical investigation of plasmon dynamics in 2D materials with displaced electron-hole Fermi pockets.
  • Modeling the electronic structure using a type-II tilted massive Dirac model for WTe2.
  • Calculating the nonlocal plasmonic response and group velocity under electrical current bias.

Main Results:

  • Prominent gain in nonlocal plasmonic response observed for experimentally accessible currents (mAμm⁻¹).
  • Amplified surface plasmons exhibit high collimation along a specific direction perpendicular to the Dirac node tilt.
  • WTe2 demonstrates potential for intrinsic plasmon amplification.

Conclusions:

  • Electrical current bias in 2D materials with specific electronic structures can intrinsically amplify surface plasmons.
  • This approach eliminates the need for external gain media, simplifying device design.
  • The findings open new avenues for advanced nanophotonic devices leveraging amplified and collimated plasmons.