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Mycobacterium bovis induced human tuberculosis in India: Current status, challenges & opportunities

Ajay Vir Singh1, Virendra Singh Yadav2, Devendra Singh Chauhan1

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, ICMR-National JALMA Institute for Leprosy & Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Agra, India.

The Indian Journal of Medical Research
|December 13, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Mycobacterium bovis causes zoonotic tuberculosis (TB) in humans through animal contact or contaminated products. This review highlights challenges and opportunities for controlling bovine TB in India to protect human health and animal productivity.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Zoonoses

Background:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global infectious disease, with Mycobacterium tuberculosis being the primary cause.
  • Mycobacterium bovis, an animal pathogen, can cause 'human tuberculosis', posing a significant zoonotic risk.
  • Bovine TB (bTB) is prevalent in low- and middle-income countries, with limited data on its global distribution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current status of Mycobacterium bovis-induced zoonotic TB in India.
  • To identify key challenges and opportunities for intervention to minimize human M. bovis infection.
  • To explore strategies for securing optimum animal productivity in India.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of published information on M. bovis-induced zoonotic TB.
  • Analysis of the prevalence and transmission dynamics of bTB in India.
  • Identification of risk factors and intervention points for zoonotic TB.

Main Results:

  • Sporadic presence of M. bovis reported in Indian domestic animals, food products, and humans.
  • Lack of comprehensive national data on bTB prevalence and zoonotic TB transmission dynamics in India.
  • Renewed global interest in bTB control to reduce human M. bovis infections.

Conclusions:

  • Urgent need for national-level data on bTB prevalence and transmission in India.
  • Interventions are crucial to mitigate risks of M. bovis infection in humans.
  • Integrated strategies are required to balance public health protection and animal productivity.
Keywords:
Bovine tuberculosisMycobacterium bovisMycobacterium tuberculosiscattlehumanzoonotic tuberculosis

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