Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Olfaction01:25

Olfaction

44.8K
The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
44.8K
Alzheimer's Disease: Overview01:26

Alzheimer's Disease: Overview

611
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
611
Role of Hippocampus in Memory01:19

Role of Hippocampus in Memory

450
The hippocampus, a critical brain structure, plays an essential role in memory processing, particularly in the formation and retrieval of memory. This small, seahorse-shaped region is located within the medial temporal lobe, with one hippocampus in each brain hemisphere. Experimental studies involving lesions in the hippocampi of rats have demonstrated significant impairments in tasks such as object recognition and maze navigation, indicating the hippocampus involvement in both recognition and...
450
Association Areas of the Cortex01:21

Association Areas of the Cortex

5.8K
Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
5.8K
Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment01:22

Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment

240
Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
240
Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System01:15

Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System

3.4K
The limbic system, often called the "emotional brain," is a complex set of structures located deep within the brain. The intricate network of the limbic system supports a wide range of psychological functions, from emotional regulation to memory formation and sensory processing. This functional brain region encompasses specific parts of the diencephalon and the cerebrum, integrating the higher mental functions of the cerebral cortex with the primitive emotional responses of the deep brain...
3.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Early dopamine disruption in the entorhinal cortex of a knock-in model of Alzheimer's disease.

Nature neuroscience·2026
Same author

Early disruption of entorhinal dopamine in a knock-in model of Alzheimer's disease.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2024
Same author

Prefrontal and lateral entorhinal neurons co-dependently learn item-outcome rules.

Nature·2024
Same author

Circuit dynamics of the olfactory pathway during olfactory learning.

Frontiers in neural circuits·2024
Same author

Biologically plausible local synaptic learning rules robustly implement deep supervised learning.

Frontiers in neuroscience·2023
Same author

Reconciling neuronal representations of schema, abstract task structure, and categorization under cognitive maps in the entorhinal-hippocampal-frontal circuits.

Current opinion in neurobiology·2022
Same journal

Building neuroscience capacity in low- and middle-income countries: Lessons from Ghana.

Trends in neurosciences·2026
Same journal

Emulating the periodic table: A unified list of CNS terms and abbreviations for humans and experimental animals.

Trends in neurosciences·2026
Same journal

From chromatin dynamics to brain disease: Polycomb-Trithorax mechanisms in neurodevelopment.

Trends in neurosciences·2026
Same journal

Striatum regulates the cortex via the basal forebrain cholinergic system: A role for substance P.

Trends in neurosciences·2026
Same journal

A large brain adds new types of neurons: Molecular and functional signatures of spindle neurons in the human neocortex.

Trends in neurosciences·2026
Same journal

Exercise as a regulator of glymphatic function.

Trends in neurosciences·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 17, 2025

Evaluation of Hemisphere Lateralization with Bilateral Local Field Potential Recording in Secondary Motor Cortex of Mice
07:03

Evaluation of Hemisphere Lateralization with Bilateral Local Field Potential Recording in Secondary Motor Cortex of Mice

Published on: July 31, 2019

6.9K

Entorhinal cortex dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease.

Kei M Igarashi1

  • 1Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.

Trends in Neurosciences
|December 13, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Early Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects the entorhinal cortex (EC), causing neuronal activity dysfunction before cell death. Protecting the EC may mitigate AD progression and memory loss.

Keywords:
Alzheimer's diseaseentorhinal cortexgrid cellshippocampusplace cells

More Related Videos

The 4 Mountains Test: A Short Test of Spatial Memory with High Sensitivity for the Diagnosis of Pre-dementia Alzheimer's Disease
06:23

The 4 Mountains Test: A Short Test of Spatial Memory with High Sensitivity for the Diagnosis of Pre-dementia Alzheimer's Disease

Published on: October 13, 2016

32.6K
Preparation of Parasagittal Slices for the Investigation of Dorsal-ventral Organization of the Rodent Medial Entorhinal Cortex
09:45

Preparation of Parasagittal Slices for the Investigation of Dorsal-ventral Organization of the Rodent Medial Entorhinal Cortex

Published on: March 28, 2012

15.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 17, 2025

Evaluation of Hemisphere Lateralization with Bilateral Local Field Potential Recording in Secondary Motor Cortex of Mice
07:03

Evaluation of Hemisphere Lateralization with Bilateral Local Field Potential Recording in Secondary Motor Cortex of Mice

Published on: July 31, 2019

6.9K
The 4 Mountains Test: A Short Test of Spatial Memory with High Sensitivity for the Diagnosis of Pre-dementia Alzheimer's Disease
06:23

The 4 Mountains Test: A Short Test of Spatial Memory with High Sensitivity for the Diagnosis of Pre-dementia Alzheimer's Disease

Published on: October 13, 2016

32.6K
Preparation of Parasagittal Slices for the Investigation of Dorsal-ventral Organization of the Rodent Medial Entorhinal Cortex
09:45

Preparation of Parasagittal Slices for the Investigation of Dorsal-ventral Organization of the Rodent Medial Entorhinal Cortex

Published on: March 28, 2012

15.7K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuropathology
  • Alzheimer's Disease Research

Background:

  • The entorhinal cortex (EC) shows early histological changes in Alzheimer's disease (AD), including neurofibrillary tangles and cell death.
  • Recent studies indicate that impaired neuronal activity in the EC precedes neurodegeneration in preclinical AD.
  • This suggests initial AD-related memory and spatial navigation deficits stem from functional activity issues, not cell death.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on entorhinal cortex (EC) dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  • To discuss potential therapeutic strategies targeting EC protection for mitigating AD progression.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent neuroimaging studies in preclinical AD patients.
  • Analysis of electrophysiological recordings from AD animal models.
  • Synthesis of current literature on EC function and dysfunction in AD.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests neuronal activity dysfunction in the EC occurs before observable neurodegeneration in AD.
  • Impaired EC neuronal activity is linked to early-stage memory impairments and spatial navigation deficits in AD.
  • The EC is a critical early-affected region in AD pathogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • Entorhinal cortex (EC) activity dysfunction is a key early event in Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  • Targeting EC dysfunction offers a potential avenue for early intervention and mitigation of AD progression.
  • Protecting the EC may preserve cognitive functions like memory and spatial navigation in AD patients.