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Updated: Aug 17, 2025

Evaluating the Function of the Foot Core System in the Elderly

Evaluating the Function of the Foot Core System in the Elderly

Published on: March 11, 2022

Novel testing system to determine shoe mechanical properties.

Kirsten M Anderson¹, Ellyson Martens, Olivia Powers

¹Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.

Prosthetics and Orthotics International

|December 14, 2022

Summary

A new mechanical testing system reliably measures shoe heel stiffness and height changes during loading. This system integrates with existing gait analysis labs, making shoe assessment more accessible for ankle foot orthosis studies.

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Area of Science:

Biomechanics
Orthotics and Prosthetics

Background:

Shoes are critical for ankle foot orthosis (AFO) function and alignment.
Current shoe mechanical testing systems are not typically integrated with gait analysis, limiting their use in AFO research.

Purpose of the Study:

Evaluate a novel mechanical testing system for measuring shoe heel stiffness and height changes under load.
Assess the system's feasibility using common gait analysis laboratory equipment.
Enable cost-effective shoe assessment for AFO studies.

Main Methods:

Tested shoes for initial, terminal, and total stiffness, and changes with repeated compressions.
Employed a novel system with a baseplate, uprights, hinge, and heel-shaped indenter.
Calculated minimal detectable change and intraclass correlation coefficients for reliability.

Main Results:

No significant differences in stiffness measures between early and late compressions.
High reliability indicated by intraclass correlation coefficients > 0.98.
Minimal detectable change was consistently below 20% of the average measure.

Conclusions:

The novel mechanical testing system reliably assesses shoe stiffness and height changes.
The system is compatible with existing gait analysis equipment.
This approach offers a cost-effective solution for shoe evaluation in AFO research.