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Related Concept Videos

Metacognition01:26

Metacognition

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Metacognition is a conscious process where individuals are aware of their cognitive and executive processes, such as planning before solving a problem or self-monitoring during reading. For instance, a writer may need help with composing a piece. The situation involves a writer who is working on a piece of writing, but while doing so, they realize that something is missing. They notice that their characters lack depth or details. This realization occurs because the writer is reflecting on their...
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One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.  
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People can go to great lengths to protect their self-image and present themselves in ways that they want others to see them. Sociologist Erving Goffman presented the idea that a person is like an actor on a stage. Calling his theory dramaturgy, Goffman believed that we use “impression management” to present ourselves to others as we hope to be perceived. Each situation is a new scene, and individuals perform different roles depending on who is present (Goffman, 1959). Think about...
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In general, a schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts (Bartlett, 1932). There are many different types of schemata, and they all have one thing in common: schemata are a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently. When a schema is activated, the brain makes immediate assumptions about the person or object being observed.
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Social Cognitive Perspective on Personality01:30

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Social cognitive perspectives on personality emphasize the importance of conscious awareness, beliefs, expectations, and goals in shaping behavior. These perspectives incorporate behaviorist principles, such as learning through reinforcement and conditioning, but extend beyond them by highlighting human reasoning and planning. Unlike traditional behaviorist views, social cognitive theory focuses on how individuals reflect on their past experiences and plan for future outcomes by considering...
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According to Charles Cooley, we base our image on what we think other people see (Cooley 1902). We imagine how we must appear to others, then react to this speculation. We don certain clothes, prepare our hair in a particular manner, wear makeup, use cologne, and the like—all with the notion that our presentation of ourselves is going to affect how others perceive us. We expect a certain reaction, and, if lucky, we get the one we desire and feel good about it. But more than that, Cooley...
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Metacognition and self-control: An integrative framework.

Marie Hennecke1, Sebastian Bürgler2

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Siegen.

Psychological Review
|December 15, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new framework for self-control, emphasizing the crucial role of metacognition. It details how metacognitive knowledge and regulatory processes enhance self-control success.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Self-control involves managing impulses for long-term goals.
  • Existing frameworks lack comprehensive metacognitive integration.
  • Metacognition is key to understanding self-control dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce a novel framework for self-control.
  • Explicate the role of metacognition in self-control.
  • Integrate existing research on metacognition and self-control.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual framework development.
  • Integration of existing theories from self-regulated learning and problem-solving.
  • Synthesis of research on metacognitive characteristics and regulatory processes.

Main Results:

  • Proposed a framework with two metacognitive components: individual characteristics and regulatory processes.
  • Detailed metacognitive knowledge (declarative, procedural, conditional) and awareness.
  • Outlined metacognitive regulation across the self-control conflict cycle (forethought, prevention, monitoring, regulation, reflection, evaluation).

Conclusions:

  • The proposed framework enhances existing self-control models.
  • Highlights the significance of metacognition for self-control success and failure.
  • Offers new research directions for metacognitive aspects of self-control.