Imaging through scattering media using differential intensity transmission matrices with different Hadamard orderings

Area of Science:

• Optics and Photonics
• Biomedical Imaging
• Scattering Media Imaging

Background:

• Transmission matrices (TMs) are crucial for light focusing and imaging through scattering media.
• Traditional TM measurement involves complex, time-consuming phase-shifting interferometry.
• Intensity-based TM methods offer a simpler, more stable, and faster alternative.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and demonstrate an accelerated TM measurement technique for imaging through scattering media.
• To optimize Hadamard ordering for efficient TM measurement.
• To investigate the trade-off between measurement speed and imaging quality.

Main Methods:

• Utilized a differential intensity transmission matrix (TM) method.
• Employed different Hadamard orderings to strategically measure TM components.
• Designed a strategy for planning Hadamard orderings based on component importance for imaging quality.
• Conducted simulations and experimental validations.

Main Results:

• Demonstrated successful imaging through scattering media using the differential intensity TM method with Hadamard orderings.
• Identified an optimal measuring order that significantly accelerates TM acquisition.
• Showcased that strategic Hadamard ordering minimizes image quality degradation at reduced measurement ratios.
• Validated the effectiveness of the proposed method through simulations and experiments.

Conclusions:

• The proposed differential intensity TM method with optimized Hadamard ordering provides a significantly faster and simpler approach for imaging through scattering media.
• This technique offers a practical solution for applications requiring rapid imaging with acceptable fidelity.
• The study provides a framework for optimizing measurement strategies in TM-based imaging systems.