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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Quantum Optics

    Background:

    • Newton's rings, a classic optics experiment, typically produce concentric ring interference patterns.
    • Vortex beams possess unique phase structures characterized by a topological charge.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the interference patterns generated by vortex beams interacting with a thin air film.
    • To explore the potential of these novel interference patterns for optical measurements.

    Main Methods:

    • Theoretical modeling of light interference using vortex beams.
    • Experimental demonstration of the predicted interference patterns.

    Main Results:

    • Generalized Newton's rings with spiral arms were observed instead of concentric rings.
    • Fork-shaped dislocations appeared within the spiral arms.
    • The number of spiral arms and dislocations directly corresponded to the topological charge of the vortex beam.

    Conclusions:

    • Vortex beams create a novel interference pattern, generalized Newton's rings, with spiral structures.
    • This phenomenon provides a new method for measuring the topological charge of vortex beams.