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Health-Related Quality of Life Among Patients Recovered From COVID-19
Giao Huynh1, Binh Thanh Nguyen2, Han Thi Ngoc Nguyen3
1University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Insights
Recovered COVID-19 patients experience reduced health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Factors like age, female sex, comorbidities, persistent symptoms, and stress significantly impact HRQoL post-infection.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Health Services Research
Background:
- Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) significantly impacts global health and well-being, with long-term consequences on quality of life.
- Understanding the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among COVID-19 survivors is crucial for developing targeted support strategies.
- Previous research indicates potential long-term effects of COVID-19 on various aspects of patient health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients who have recovered from COVID-19.
- To identify factors associated with reduced HRQoL among COVID-19 survivors in Vietnam.
- To inform interventions aimed at improving the quality of life for individuals post-COVID-19.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 325 recovered COVID-19 patients in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
- Data collected using the EuroQoL-5 Dimension-5 Level (EQ-5D-5L) scale and EuroQoL-Visual Analog Scale (EQ-VAS).
- Generalized linear models (GLM) were used to analyze factors associated with HRQoL.
Main Results:
- Recovered COVID-19 patients reported significantly reduced HRQoL compared to the general population (EQ-5D-5L mean score: 0.86, EQ-VAS mean score: 78.6).
- Anxiety/Depression and Pain/Discomfort were the most frequently reported problems affecting HRQoL.
- Lower HRQoL was associated with older age (≥60 years), female sex, comorbidities, persistent symptoms, living alone, and experiencing stress (all P < .05).
Conclusions:
- COVID-19 recovery is associated with a significant decline in health-related quality of life.
- Specific demographic and clinical factors (female sex, comorbidities, persistent symptoms, stress) increase vulnerability to reduced HRQoL.
- Targeted interventions are essential to improve the quality of life for high-risk COVID-19 survivors.
Abstract:
The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has impacted the lives and well-being of individuals worldwide, affecting both short-term and long-term quality of life. This study aimed to assess health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and associated factors among patients who have recovered from COVID-19. A cross-sectional survey was conducted at 2 hospitals in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam between January and March 2022. Data were obtained from patients who recovered from COVID-19 using a structured questionnaire which included the EuroQoL-5 Dimension-5 Level (EQ-5D-5L) scale to quantify problems in 5 health dimensions (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, anxiety/depression) and the EuroQoL-Visual Analog Scale (EQ-VAS) to determine self-rated health status. Factors associated with HRQoL were determined using a generalized linear model (GLM). A total of 325 participants were included in the analysis. The overall mean score from the EQ-5D-5L and EQ-VAS was 0.86 (SD 0.21) and 78.6 (SD 19.9), respectively. Anxiety/Depression and Pain/Discomfort were the major problems experienced by the participants. Lower HRQoL scores were reported among those who were 60 years and older, female, had comorbidities, persistent symptoms, living alone and experiencing stress (all P < .05). This study showed that there was a significant reduction in HRQoL among individuals who recovered from COVID-19, compared with the general population. The findings suggest that more interventions need to be implemented to increase such individuals' quality of life, particularly for those who exhibit high-risk factors such as females, those with comorbidities, persistent symptoms, living alone and experiencing from stress.
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