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Efficient partial nitrification with hybrid nitrifying granular sludge based on a simultaneous fill/draw SBR mode.

Kaige Zhao1, Tianyi Zhang1, Yixing Tian2

  • 1School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Environment and Resources, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China.

Chemosphere
|December 18, 2022
PubMed
Summary

This study demonstrates a stable partial nitrification process using aerobic granular sludge in a simultaneous fill/draw system. The method achieved high ammonium removal and nitrite accumulation while effectively suppressing nitrite-oxidizing bacteria.

Keywords:
Ammonia-oxidizing bacteriaHybrid granular sludge systemPartial nitrificationSimultaneous fill/draw SBR

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental microbiology
  • Wastewater treatment technologies
  • Bioreactor engineering

Background:

  • Partial nitrification is a key step in advanced wastewater treatment for nitrogen removal.
  • Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) offers advantages in wastewater treatment due to its dense structure and microbial community.
  • Investigating novel reactor configurations is crucial for optimizing partial nitrification efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the feasibility of partial nitrification using matured aerobic granular sludge in a simultaneous fill/draw Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR).
  • To assess the stability and efficiency of the process over an extended operational period.
  • To understand the microbial dynamics and factors contributing to nitrite accumulation and the suppression of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB).

Main Methods:

  • Operation of a simultaneous fill/draw SBR inoculated with matured aerobic granular sludge for 120 days.
  • Analysis of ammonium removal efficiency and nitrite accumulation rates.
  • Microbial diversity analysis to determine the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB).
  • Batch tests to compare the specific ammonia oxidation rates of granules and flocs.

Main Results:

  • The system achieved stable operation with high ammonium removal efficiency (≥ 98.83%) and nitrite accumulation rate (≥ 89.60%).
  • A stable hybrid flocs/granules system was formed.
  • Nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) were effectively suppressed under simultaneous fill/draw and intermittent aeration conditions.
  • Specific ammonia oxidation rates differed between granules and flocs, with flocs exhibiting higher rates (66.77 mg N/(g MLSS·h)) compared to granules (15.94 mg N/(g MLSS·h)).
  • Microbial analysis showed higher abundance of Nitrosomonas (a type of AOB) in flocs (11.94%) than in granules (6.24%), with NOB being nearly undetectable.

Conclusions:

  • The simultaneous fill/draw SBR is a feasible and effective system for partial nitrification using aerobic granular sludge.
  • The operational mode and intermittent aeration successfully suppressed NOB, promoting nitrite accumulation.
  • The formation of a hybrid flocs/granules system influences the microbial community and nitrogen transformation processes.