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Maillard reaction between oligopeptides and reducing sugar at body temperature: The putative anti-glycation agents

Qiang Wang1,2, Xiaofeng Xiang1,2, Yuejie Xie1,2

  • 1Key Laboratory of Lipid Resources Utilization and Children's Daily Chemicals, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, China.

Frontiers in Nutrition
|December 19, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Carnosine, a peptide, effectively lowers blood glucose levels by reacting with sugars. This natural compound shows promise as a potential agent for managing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Endocrinology
  • Nutraceuticals

Background:

  • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent chronic disease characterized by hyperglycemia.
  • Developing effective blood glucose-lowering agents is crucial for managing T2DM and its complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the glucose-lowering effects of various amino acids, dipeptides, and a tripeptide.
  • To investigate the potential of bioactive peptides as natural agents for blood sugar control.

Main Methods:

  • Amino acids (alanine, histidine), dipeptides (carnosine, α-alanine-L-histidine), and tripeptide (glutathione) were reacted with glucose, fructose, and sucrose.
  • Reactions were conducted under physiological conditions (37°C, pH 7.4) for 21 days.
  • Glucose reduction and Maillard reaction product formation were measured to assess efficacy.

Main Results:

  • Carnosine demonstrated a superior glucose-lowering effect compared to other tested compounds.
  • The histidine residue in carnosine likely contributes to its glucose-lowering activity.
  • The β-alanine component may enhance carnosine's stability and efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • Bioactive peptide carnosine exhibits significant potential as a natural blood sugar-lowering agent.
  • Carnosine offers a promising therapeutic avenue for the management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Keywords:
Maillard reactionbioactive peptidecarnosinediabetesglucose

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