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Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Shoulder01:23

Muscles of the Shoulder

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The muscles surrounding the shoulder girdle, including the clavicle and scapula, primarily stabilize the scapula. This stable base allows other muscles to move the humerus effectively. Scapular movements often mirror those of the humerus and extend its range of motion. For instance, raising the arm above the head would not be feasible without simultaneous upward rotation of the scapula.
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The anterior thoracic muscles include the serratus anterior, subclavius, and...
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Muscles that Move the Arm01:31

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Nine muscles are involved in arm movements. Two of these, the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi, originate from the axial skeleton and are called axial muscles. The other seven originate from the scapula and are called the scapular muscles.
The pectoralis major has two origins. Its clavicular head originates on the medial half of the clavicle. In contrast, the sternocostal head originates on the costal cartilages of ribs 1-6, the sternum, and the aponeurosis of the external oblique of the...
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Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus01:19

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The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
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Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle01:28

Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle

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The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
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Muscle Coordination and Action01:24

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Muscle coordination is a complex and finely tuned process essential for smooth and purposeful movements like flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and rotation. The human body orchestrates the actions of various muscles working in concert, each with a specific role. Four functional types describe how muscles work together: agonist, antagonist, synergist, and fixator.
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Muscles of the Anterior Neck01:26

Muscles of the Anterior Neck

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The anterior neck muscles are the group of muscles covering the front part of the neck. These muscles are classified into three subgroups. The first one is the superficial muscles, the most visible muscles in the front of the neck. It includes the platysma and sternocleidomastoid. The second group is the suprahyoid muscles, located above the hyoid bone. This group comprises the digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid, and stylohyoid. Lastly, the infrahyoid muscles are found below the hyoid bone and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 16, 2025

Author Spotlight: Treating Frozen Shoulder with Small Needle Knife Therapy
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Author Spotlight: Treating Frozen Shoulder with Small Needle Knife Therapy

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Muscle Injury Around the Shoulder.

J Jacob1, P O'Connor1,2, B Pass1

  • 1Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom.

Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology
|December 19, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acute shoulder muscle injuries, especially pectoralis major tears, are increasingly common. This review details their anatomy, injury mechanisms, and imaging findings for accurate diagnosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Radiology
  • Sports Medicine

Background:

  • Acute shoulder injuries are common, with tendon and intra-articular issues well-documented.
  • Unusual acute shoulder muscle injuries are less common but increasingly seen, particularly in fitness enthusiasts.
  • Pectoralis major muscle injuries are the most frequent among these unusual muscle injuries.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis of acute shoulder muscle injuries relies on understanding anatomy and injury mechanisms.
  • Radiologists play a crucial role in identifying these injuries through characteristic imaging findings.
  • Increased focus on fitness activities contributes to the rising incidence of pectoralis major tears.