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Related Concept Videos

Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen01:16

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Oxygen therapy is a pivotal aspect of medical care, particularly for patients with respiratory ailments. Two prominent oxygen-delivering systems include the Venturi mask and the transtracheal oxygen catheter.
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The Venturi mask, named after the Venturi effect, is designed to deliver precise oxygen concentrations. It consists of a large tube with an oxygen inlet that narrows down, causing a pressure drop that pulls air in through adjustable side ports. The mask is a lightweight,...
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Endotracheal or ET intubation is a critical medical procedure used to secure a patient's airway, often in acute respiratory distress, apnea, upper airway obstruction, ineffective clearance of secretions, high risk for aspiration, or during general anesthesia.
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A tracheostomy is a surgical procedure that creates an artificial opening into the trachea, typically at the second or third cartilaginous ring level. This opening allows the insertion of a tracheostomy tube, which can replace an endotracheal tube, provide mechanical ventilation, bypass an upper airway obstruction, or remove accumulated tracheobronchial secretions.
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Oxygen Delivering System III: Tracheostomy and T-piece01:23

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Oxygen delivery is critical in clinical care, especially for patients with respiratory disorders or those undergoing surgical procedures. Various systems, such as tracheostomy and the T-piece, deliver oxygen to the lungs, ensuring adequate arterial oxygenation.
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Inhaled medications are crucial for managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. They are essential for effective treatment and control, ensuring optimal respiratory health and well-being. Inhaled medication delivers drugs directly to the lungs, providing a rapid onset of action and reducing systemic side effects compared to oral or injectable medications. Three primary types of inhalation devices are used to administer these medications: nebulizers, metered-dose inhalers...
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Trachea01:22

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The trachea, commonly known as the windpipe, is a vital part of the human respiratory system. It serves as a passageway for air to travel between the larynx and the bronchi, allowing oxygen to reach the lungs. Let's explore its anatomical features, dimensions, layers of the tracheal wall, associated muscles, and the functions of its parts.
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Inhaled antibiotics in children with tracheostomy tubes: A descriptive study.

Alexander Gipsman1, Moshe Prero2, Philip Toltzis3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.

Pediatric Pulmonology
|December 21, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Inhaled antibiotics are frequently used for respiratory infections in children with tracheostomy tubes, but their use varies significantly in type, dose, and duration. Further research is needed to establish best practices for this patient group.

Keywords:
inhaled antibioticsrespiratory tract infectionstracheitistracheobronchitis

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric pulmonology
  • Infectious diseases
  • Clinical pharmacy

Background:

  • Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are prevalent in pediatric patients with tracheostomy tubes.
  • Inhaled antibiotics are anecdotally common for RTIs in this population, but practice patterns are not well-documented.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the variability in the prescription of inhaled antibiotics for children with tracheostomy tubes.
  • To analyze treatment and prophylactic use of inhaled antibiotics in this specific patient group.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of children with tracheostomy tubes who received inhaled antibiotics between 2013 and 2020.
  • Data collection included patient characteristics and details of inhaled antibiotic administration.

Main Results:

  • 424 courses of inhaled antibiotics were prescribed; 69.8% for treatment and 30.2% for prophylaxis.
  • 58.9% of eligible children received at least one course; tobramycin and gentamicin were most common.
  • Significant variation observed in antibiotic choice, dose, frequency, duration, and co-prescription with systemic antibiotics; antimicrobial susceptibility often disregarded.

Conclusions:

  • Inhaled antibiotics are frequently used for treatment and prophylaxis in children with tracheostomy tubes, with considerable practice variability.
  • Lack of standardized protocols regarding antibiotic selection, dosing, and duration.
  • Prospective studies are essential to define optimal inhaled antibiotic strategies for pediatric tracheostomy patients.