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Repetitive non-typhoidal Salmonella exposure is an environmental risk factor for colon cancer and tumor growth

Daphne M van Elsland1, Janneke W Duijster2, Jilei Zhang3

  • 1Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), 2333 Leiden, the Netherlands.

Cell Reports. Medicine
|December 21, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) infections are linked to colon cancer (CC) risk. Even mild or unnoticed NTS exposures can increase CC development and accelerate tumor growth, highlighting a significant public health concern.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Salmonella infections disrupt host signaling pathways, potentially leading to oncogenic transformation.
  • Systemic S. Typhi is linked to gallbladder cancer, and severe non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) infections to colon cancer (CC).
  • Many NTS infections are mild and go undiagnosed, underestimating their overall impact.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between NTS exposure and colon cancer (CC) risk.
  • To assess the impact of NTS infection on tumor growth and cellular transformation.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective serological study measured NTS exposure via serum antibody titers in CC patients.
  • Mice were repetitively infected with NTS to evaluate tumor growth.
  • Cellular studies examined NTS preference for (pre-)transformed cells.

Main Results:

  • A significant positive association was found between NTS exposure magnitude and CC.
  • Repetitive low-dose NTS exposure accelerated tumor growth similarly to high-dose exposure.
  • NTS preferentially infects (pre-)transformed cells, exponentially increasing their numbers with each infection cycle.

Conclusions:

  • Repetitive NTS exposure is associated with increased colon cancer (CC) risk.
  • NTS infection accelerates tumor growth and promotes cellular transformation, even with mild or unnoticed exposures.
Keywords:
Salmonellacolon cancerenvironmental risk factorseroincidence

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