Case Report: Interventional therapy for coronary artery occlusion in a 6-year-old child with Kawasaki disease

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Pediatric Cardiology
• Interventional Cardiology

Background:

• Kawasaki disease can lead to coronary artery aneurysms and complications like myocardial ischemia.
• Giant coronary artery aneurysms pose significant risks, including vessel occlusion.

Observation:

• A 6-year-old girl with a history of Kawasaki disease presented with chest pain and ECG changes.
• Stress myocardial perfusion imaging revealed reversible left ventricular ischemia.
• Coronary angiography identified a complete proximal occlusion of the left circumflex artery (LCX).

Findings:

• Successful recanalization of the occluded LCX was achieved using a micro-wire.
• Sequential balloon dilation and drug-coated balloon angioplasty were performed.
• Post-intervention and one-year follow-up angiography confirmed good LCX structure and blood flow.

Implications:

• Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a feasible treatment for selected pediatric patients with Kawasaki disease and coronary artery occlusion.
• This case highlights the potential of interventional techniques in managing complex coronary artery complications in children.
• Successful PCI may prevent adverse cardiac events in pediatric patients with Kawasaki disease-associated coronary aneurysms.