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Chemsex and Psychosis: A Systematic Review
Lucía Moreno-Gámez1, Daniel Hernández-Huerta2, Guillermo Lahera1,3,4,5
1Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain.
Chemsex, the practice of using drugs during sex, is linked to psychosis. Specific drug use like slamsex and methamphetamine significantly increases psychosis risk, alongside factors like minority status and trauma.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Psychiatry
- Addiction Medicine
Background:
- Chemsex poses significant public health challenges with severe physical and mental health consequences.
- Understanding the link between chemsex and psychosis is crucial for targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically analyze the relationship between chemsex practices and the development of psychosis.
- To identify risk factors associated with psychosis in the context of chemsex.
Main Methods:
- A mixed systematic review model was employed.
- Searches were conducted across PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases.
- Information from 10 selected articles was systematically extracted.
Main Results:
- Psychotic symptoms were observed in 6.7% to 37.2% of chemsex participants.
- Slamsex, polydrug use, and smoked methamphetamine use increased psychosis risk up to 3-fold.
- Identified risk factors include minority status, urban living, stress, trauma, loneliness, STIs, hepatitis, and prior psychosis history.
Conclusions:
- Chemsex is strongly associated with psychosis development.
- Numerous converging risk factors and a mediating role of drug use were identified.
- Prevention and treatment strategies must consider psychosocial factors and motivations driving chemsex.
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