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Updated: Aug 16, 2025

Harvesting Venom Toxins from Assassin Bugs and Other Heteropteran Insects
Published on: April 21, 2018
Venom Collection by Electrical Stimulation in the Invasive Species Polistes dominula Reared Using a Vespiculture
Francesco Turillazzi1, Giuseppe Pieraccini2, Stefano Turillazzi1,3
1Insect Pharma Entomotherapy S.p.A., Approved Spin Off of the University of Florence, 50100 Florence, Italy.
Abstract:
Specific Venom Immunotherapy (VIT) is practiced with venom extracted from insects, and is the specific therapy used for patients highly allergic to social insect (Hymenoptera) stings. Due to the dramatic shortage of vespid species in the local environment, we coupled vespiculture techniques of Polistes paper wasps with a venom collection procedure based on the electrical stimulation of individuals from entire colonies. The procedure involves little to no disturbance of the individual insects, and at the same time, successfully allows for the extraction of venom containing all allergens necessary for VIT.

