Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Light Acquisition

Light Acquisition

In order to produce glucose, plants need to capture sufficient light energy. Many modern plants have evolved leaves specialized for light acquisition. Leaves can be only millimeters in width or tens of meters wide, depending on the environment. Due to competition for sunlight, evolution has driven the evolution of increasingly larger leaves and taller plants, to avoid shading by their neighbors with contaminant elaboration of root architecture and mechanisms to transport water and nutrients.

Focusing of Light in the Eye

Focusing of Light in the Eye

Light rays enter the eye through the cornea, a transparent dome-shaped tissue that is the eye's outermost layer. The cornea bends or refracts, light rays traveling to the pupil. The shape of the cornea determines how much of the light is bent and whether the image will be focused correctly on the retina at the back of the eye. Once the light has passed through both refraction layers, it converges into a single focal point onto a small area. This is where photoreceptors start transforming...

Accessory Structures of the Eye

Accessory Structures of the Eye

Optical perception, or vision, is an extraordinary sense dependent on converting light signals received via the ocular organs. These organs, known as eyes, are securely positioned within the bony cavities of the skull, called orbits. The orbits serve a dual purpose: a protective shield for the ocular globes and a stable attachment point for the soft ocular tissues. The eye's external protective mechanisms include the eyelids, which are edged with lashes that act as a barrier against foreign...

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

NanoBind: Mechanism-Driven Deep Learning of Nanobody-Antigen Molecular Recognition.

Research (Washington, D.C.)·2026

Same author

DeepDrugs: a mechanism-aware tri-linear attention framework for synergistic drug-combination prediction.

Briefings in bioinformatics·2026

Same author

Single-view neural illumination estimation and editing for dynamic light field display.

Light, science & applications·2026

Same author

Viral transduction for T cell engineering in immunotherapy.

Molecules and cells·2026

Same author

SpatPPI: a geometric deep learning model for predicting protein-protein interactions involving intrinsically disordered regions.

Genome biology·2025

Same author

Multi-view multi-focal 3D display using light source array and focus tunable optics.

Optics express·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 16, 2025

Multimodal Volumetric Retinal Imaging by Oblique Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy oSLO and Optical Coherence Tomography OCT

Multimodal Volumetric Retinal Imaging by Oblique Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy oSLO and Optical Coherence Tomography OCT

Published on: August 4, 2018

Super multi-view near-eye display with a lightguide combiner.

Woongseob Han, Jiyun Han, Yeon-Gyeong Ju

|December 23, 2022

Summary

We developed a new near-eye display using a digital micromirror device and LED array for 3D images. This system offers natural depth cues and wide-range 3D viewing, overcoming holographic optical element limitations.

More Related Videos

Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition

Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition

Published on: July 21, 2020

Demonstration of Spin-Multiplexed and Direction-Multiplexed All-Dielectric Visible Metaholograms

Demonstration of Spin-Multiplexed and Direction-Multiplexed All-Dielectric Visible Metaholograms

Published on: September 25, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 16, 2025

Multimodal Volumetric Retinal Imaging by Oblique Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy oSLO and Optical Coherence Tomography OCT

Multimodal Volumetric Retinal Imaging by Oblique Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy oSLO and Optical Coherence Tomography OCT

Published on: August 4, 2018

Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition

Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition

Published on: July 21, 2020

Demonstration of Spin-Multiplexed and Direction-Multiplexed All-Dielectric Visible Metaholograms

Demonstration of Spin-Multiplexed and Direction-Multiplexed All-Dielectric Visible Metaholograms

Published on: September 25, 2020

Area of Science:

Optics and Photonics
Display Technology
Virtual Reality

Background:

Near-eye displays (NEDs) are crucial for immersive virtual and augmented reality experiences.
Achieving natural depth perception in compact NEDs remains a challenge.
Holographic optical elements (HOEs) offer potential for compact optical systems but suffer from spectral spread, degrading image quality.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose and verify a novel lightguide-type super multi-view near-eye display.
To achieve natural monocular depth cues in a compact display system.
To address and mitigate image quality degradation caused by HOE spectral spread.

Main Methods:

Utilizing a digital micromirror device (DMD) and a LED array for image generation.
Employing a compact combiner optics system comprising a thin lightguide and holographic optical elements (HOEs).
Conducting optical experiments to validate the display's performance.
Analyzing image quality degradation due to HOE spectral spread.
Implementing a pre-compensation technique using the adaptive moment estimation (Adam) optimizer to reduce degradation.

Main Results:

Demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed lightguide-type super multi-view near-eye display.
Successfully presented three-dimensional (3D) images with natural monocular depth cues.
Achieved 3D image presentation over a wide depth range.
Quantified the image quality degradation caused by the spectral spread of HOEs.
Showed significant reduction in image quality degradation through Adam optimizer-based pre-compensation.

Conclusions:

The proposed lightguide-type super multi-view near-eye display effectively delivers 3D images with natural depth perception.
The compact optical design using a lightguide and HOEs is viable for advanced display applications.
Spectral spread in HOEs is a critical factor affecting image quality, but can be mitigated using adaptive optimization techniques.