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Related Concept Videos

Potential Due to a Polarized Object01:29

Potential Due to a Polarized Object

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A neutral atom consists of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a negatively charged electron cloud. When placed in an external electric field, the external electric force pulls the electrons and nucleus apart, opposite to the intrinsic attraction between the nucleus and the electrons. The opposing forces balance each other with a slight shift between the center of masses of the nucleus and the electron cloud, resulting in a polarized atom. On the other hand, a few molecules, like water,...
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Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT) is an advanced Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) technique specifically designed to detect and enhance the signals of low-abundance nuclei, such as carbon-13 and nitrogen-15, in small molecules. The fundamental principle behind INEPT is the transfer of polarization from a more abundant and highly polarizable nucleus, typically hydrogen-1, to the low-abundance nucleus of interest. This process effectively boosts the NMR signal of the...
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Group polarization is the strengthening of an original group attitude following the discussion of views within a group (Teger & Pruitt, 1967). That is, if a group initially favors a viewpoint, after discussion the group consensus is likely a stronger endorsement of the viewpoint. Conversely, if the group was initially opposed to a viewpoint, group discussion would likely lead to stronger opposition.
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Polarimetry finds application in chemical kinetics to measure the concentration and reaction kinetics of optically active substances during a chemical reaction. Optically active substances have the capability of rotating the plane of polarization of linearly polarized light passing through them—a feature called optical rotation. Optical activity is attributed to the molecular structure of substances. Normal monochromatic light is unpolarized and possesses oscillations of the electrical...
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Related Experiment Video

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Active non-uniform illumination-based underwater polarization imaging method for objects with complex polarization

Jiajie Wang, Minjie Wan, Xiqing Cao

    Optics Express
    |December 23, 2022
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study introduces an active polarization imaging method to enhance underwater image quality. The technique effectively corrects non-uniform illumination and improves contrast and clarity for objects with complex optical properties.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical Imaging
    • Underwater Optics
    • Polarization Imaging

    Background:

    • Active polarization imaging effectively combats underwater scattering for improved image contrast and clarity.
    • Non-uniform illumination and diverse object polarization properties can degrade underwater image quality.
    • Existing methods struggle with non-uniformity and complex object optical properties.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose a non-uniform illumination-based active polarization imaging method for underwater objects.
    • To address challenges posed by non-uniform illumination and complex object polarization properties.
    • To enhance the contrast and clarity of underwater images.

    Main Methods:

    • Illumination homogenization in the frequency domain to extract and standardize incident light.
    • Pixel-wise computation of polarized and non-polarized image weights based on the degree of linear polarization (DoLP).
    • Fusion of weighted images to mitigate reflected light loss and normalization for the final output.

    Main Results:

    • Effective elimination of uneven image brightness.
    • Significant improvement in underwater fusion image contrast and clarity.
    • Demonstrated enhancement effects of individual method components through ablation experiments.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed method successfully overcomes non-uniform illumination and complex object polarization issues in underwater imaging.
    • The technique yields significantly improved contrast and clarity in underwater fusion images.
    • Each component of the method contributes positively to the overall performance of underwater polarization imaging.