Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics01:14

Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics

5.3K
Experimentally, if object A is in equilibrium with object B, and object B is in equilibrium with object C, then object A is in equilibrium with object C. That statement of transitivity is called the "zeroth law of thermodynamics." For example, a cold metal block and a hot metal block are both placed on a metal plate at room temperature. Eventually, the cold block and the plate will be in thermal equilibrium. In addition, the hot block and the plate will be in thermal equilibrium.
5.3K
Third Law of Thermodynamics02:38

Third Law of Thermodynamics

19.3K
A pure, perfectly crystalline solid possessing no kinetic energy (that is, at a temperature of absolute zero, 0 K) may be described by a single microstate, as its purity, perfect crystallinity,and complete lack of motion means there is but one possible location for each identical atom or molecule comprising the crystal (W = 1). According to the Boltzmann equation, the entropy of this system is zero.
19.3K
Maxwell's Thermodynamic Relations01:23

Maxwell's Thermodynamic Relations

3.1K
Maxwell's thermodynamic relations are very useful in solving problems in thermodynamics. Each of Maxwell's relations relates a partial differential between quantities that can be hard to measure experimentally to a partial differential between quantities that can be easily measured. These relations are a set of equations derivable from the symmetry of the second derivatives and the thermodynamic potentials.
All thermodynamic potentials are exact differentials. Therefore, their second-order...
3.1K
Entropy01:18

Entropy

2.7K
The first law of thermodynamics is quantitatively formulated via an equation relating the internal energy of a system, the heat exchanged by it, and the work done on it. A quantitative formulation of the second law of thermodynamics leads to defining a state function, the entropy.
When an ideal gas expands isothermally, the disorder in the gas increases. From the molecular perspective, the gas molecules have more volume to move around in.
Consider an infinitesimal step in the expansion, which...
2.7K
Statements of the Second Law of Thermodynamics01:15

Statements of the Second Law of Thermodynamics

4.1K
The second law of thermodynamics can be stated in several different ways, and all of them can be shown to imply the others. The Clausius’ statement of the second law of thermodynamics is based on the irreversibility of spontaneous heat flow. It states that heat will not flow from the colder body to the hotter body unless some other process is involved. Additionally, as per the Kelvin’s statement, it is impossible to convert the heat from a single source into work without any other...
4.1K
Thermodynamic Potentials01:26

Thermodynamic Potentials

925
Thermodynamic potentials are state functions that are extremely useful in analyzing a thermodynamic system. They have dimensions of energy. The four important thermodynamic potentials are internal energy, enthalpy, Helmholtz free energy, and Gibbs free energy. These thermodynamic potentials can be expressed using two of the following variables: pressure, volume, temperature, and entropy. These two variables are expressed as the rate of change of the thermodynamic potential with respect to other...
925

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Metastable dynamical computing with energy landscapes: A primer.

Chaos (Woodbury, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

Way More than the Sum of Their Parts: From Statistical to Structural Mixtures.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Unsupervised discovery of extreme weather events using universal representations of emergent organization.

Chaos (Woodbury, N.Y.)·2025
Same author

Intrinsic and Measured Information in Separable Quantum Processes.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Controlled erasure as a building block for universal thermodynamically robust superconducting computing.

Chaos (Woodbury, N.Y.)·2025
Same author

Learning entropy production from underdamped Langevin trajectories.

Physical review. E·2025
Same journal

Erratum: Low-dimensional model for adaptive networks of spiking neurons [Phys. Rev. E 111, 014422 (2025)].

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Disentangling the effects of many-body forces on depletion interactions.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Charge transport and mode transition in dual-energy electron beam diodes.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Optimization of multisite reactions in complex compartmentalized media.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Origin of geometric cohesion in nonconvex granular materials: Interplay between interdigitation and rotational constraints enhancing frictional stability.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Interaction of walkers with a standing Faraday wave.

Physical review. E·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 16, 2025

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

8.6K

Geometric quantum thermodynamics.

Fabio Anza1, James P Crutchfield1

  • 1Complexity Sciences Center and Physics Department, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA.

Physical Review. E
|December 23, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a geometric foundation for quantum thermodynamics, aligning classical and quantum dynamics. It offers a clearer physical understanding and defines quantum heat and work intrinsically.

More Related Videos

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
05:39

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

Published on: August 2, 2019

9.7K
Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor
10:00

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

Published on: November 11, 2013

12.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 16, 2025

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

8.6K
Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
05:39

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

Published on: August 2, 2019

9.7K
Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor
10:00

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

Published on: November 11, 2013

12.9K

Area of Science:

  • Quantum Mechanics
  • Thermodynamics
  • Differential Geometry

Background:

  • Classical and quantum mechanics exhibit parallels.
  • Quantum thermodynamics lacks a unified geometric framework.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a geometric basis for quantum thermodynamics.
  • To explore microcanonical and canonical ensembles using state space geometry.
  • To provide a more transparent physical understanding of quantum systems.

Main Methods:

  • Exploiting differential geometry of quantum state space.
  • Defining geometric counterparts of Gibbs ensembles.
  • Reformulating thermodynamic entropy and laws.

Main Results:

  • Intrinsic definitions for quantum heat and work, including single-trajectory work.
  • A unified reformulation of thermodynamic entropy.
  • Demonstration of the first and second laws of thermodynamics and Jarzynski's fluctuation theorem.
  • Emergence of the geometric canonical ensemble.

Conclusions:

  • Geometric quantum mechanics offers a transparent alternative for quantum thermodynamics.
  • Classical and quantum dynamics share aligned mathematical structures and physical intuitions.
  • The framework has experimental relevance for systems like chiral molecules and Josephson junctions.