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A New Strategy for Achieving Shape Memory Effects in 4D Printed Two-Layer Composite Structures.

Davood Rahmatabadi1, Mohammad Aberoumand1, Kianoosh Soltanmohammadi1

  • 1School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14174, Iran.

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|December 23, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel 4D printing strategy using fused deposition modeling (FDM) to create shape memory effect (SME) composite structures from ABS, PCL, and TPU filaments, enabling controlled shape recovery.

Keywords:
4D printingfused deposition modelingshape memory effectshape recoverytwo-layer composite structures

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Additive Manufacturing
  • Polymer Engineering

Background:

  • Commercial filaments typically lack a shape memory effect (SME).
  • Multi-material 3D printing offers potential for advanced functional composites.
  • Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is a widely used additive manufacturing technique.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To unveil a new strategy and design for achieving SME in 4D printed two-layer composite structures.
  • To utilize common thermoplastics (ABS, PCL) and an elastomer (TPU) for SME applications.
  • To investigate the role of thermoplastic layers as constraints for elastomeric layers in SME.

Main Methods:

  • Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) printing of two-layer composite structures using ABS-TPU and PCL-TPU.
  • Utilizing the rubber-to-glass transition of thermoplastic layers to enable shape stabilization and recovery.
  • Characterizing shape memory performance, including fixity and recovery ratios, across multiple cycles.
  • Employing Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to assess interfacial bonding and part integrity.

Main Results:

  • ABS-TPU composite structures exhibited shape memory fixity and recovery ratios exceeding 90%.
  • PCL-TPU composite structures demonstrated complete shape recovery with 77.42% fixity.
  • Shape memory performance stabilized after initial cycles, with early cycle decreases observed.
  • SEM analysis confirmed superior interfacial bonding and integrity in multi-material prints.

Conclusions:

  • The developed FDM strategy successfully imparts SME to two-layer composite structures.
  • The choice of thermoplastic and programming temperature significantly influences SME performance.
  • The study highlights the potential of multi-material FDM printing for creating functional 4D printed components with controlled shape recovery.