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Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

In 1971, Peter Perlman and Eva Engvall developed an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA or EIA). ELISA differs from western blot in that the assays are conducted in microtiter plates or in vivo rather than on an absorbent membrane.
There are many different types of ELISAs, but they all involve an antibody molecule whose constant region binds an enzyme, leaving the variable region free to bind its specific antigen. Enzyme-substrate reaction allows the antigen to be visualized or...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 16, 2025

Author Spotlight: Expanding the Scope of Multiplex Immunoassays for Lyme Borreliosis Diagnostics and Pathogen Research

Author Spotlight: Expanding the Scope of Multiplex Immunoassays for Lyme Borreliosis Diagnostics and Pathogen Research

Published on: July 14, 2023

SARSPLEX: Multiplex Serological ELISA with a Holistic Approach.

Kunal Garg¹, Sara Campolonghi¹, Armin Schwarzbach²

¹Tezted Ltd., Mattilaniemi 6-8, 40100 Jyväskylä, Finland.

|December 23, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new multiplex serological test, SARSPLEX, accurately detects antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. This improved COVID-19 testing aids in monitoring community immunity and prioritizing high-risk individuals for vaccination.

Keywords:

COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 multiplex novel coronavirus serological diagnostics

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Last Updated: Aug 16, 2025

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A Rapid, Multiplex Dual Reporter IgG and IgM SARS-CoV-2 Neutralization Assay for a Multiplexed Bead-Based Flow Analysis System

A Rapid, Multiplex Dual Reporter IgG and IgM SARS-CoV-2 Neutralization Assay for a Multiplexed Bead-Based Flow Analysis System

Published on: April 6, 2021

Area of Science:

Immunology
Infectious Diseases
Diagnostic Development

Background:

Over 602 million SARS-CoV-2 cases and 6.4 million deaths worldwide necessitate accurate serological testing.
Monitoring pandemic dynamics and community immunity is crucial for public health strategies.
Existing serological tests require improvement for enhanced diagnostic robustness.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop an improved serological diagnostic test for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by multiplexing antibody detection.
To evaluate the diagnostic performance of a multiplex assay (SARSPLEX) screening for IgM, IgG, and IgA antibodies against SARS-CoV-2.
To assess the specificity of SARSPLEX using pre-pandemic and non-SARS-CoV-2 patient samples.

Main Methods:

Analyzed 293 sera samples using a standardized ELISA platform for IgM, IgG, and IgA immune reactions.
Tested antibodies against the spike glycoprotein subunit 1 and nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV-2.
Validated SARSPLEX performance against RT-PCR and established serology reference tests.

Main Results:

SARSPLEX demonstrated high positive and negative agreement with reference tests.
The assay showed high specificity, with no unspecific binding detected in pre-2019-CoV or summer flu patient samples.
SARSPLEX proved effective as an occupational surveillance tool in a clinical setting.

Conclusions:

Multiplexing antibody detection (IgM, IgG, IgA) enhances the robustness of SARS-CoV-2 serological testing.
SARSPLEX is a specific and accurate diagnostic tool for assessing immune response to SARS-CoV-2.
This assay can aid in monitoring population immunity and prioritizing SARS-CoV-2 vaccination for at-risk groups.