Machine learning and protein allostery

The fundamental biological importance and complexity of allosterically regulated proteins stem from their central role in signal transduction and cellular processes. Recently, machine-learning approaches have been developed and actively deployed to facilitate theoretical and experimental studies of protein dynamics and allosteric mechanisms. In this review, we survey recent developments in applications of machine-learning methods for studies of allosteric mechanisms, prediction of allosteric effects and allostery-related physicochemical properties, and allosteric protein engineering. We also review the applications of machine-learning strategies for characterization of allosteric mechanisms and drug design targeting SARS-CoV-2. Continuous development and task-specific adaptation of machine-learning methods for protein allosteric mechanisms will have an increasingly important role in bridging a wide spectrum of data-intensive experimental and theoretical technologies.