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Loss of control in preschoolers with asthma is a risk factor for disease persistency
Adam Holm-Weber1, Louise Aarestrup1, Julie Prahl1
1Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Insights
Loss of control events in young children with asthma are linked to persistent disease. Identifying these events can help clinicians assess the risk of ongoing asthma in preschoolers.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Pulmonology
- Asthma Research
- Clinical Epidemiology
Background:
- Asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease in children.
- Understanding factors influencing asthma persistence in preschoolers is crucial for effective management.
- Loss of control events may indicate underlying disease severity or treatment challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between loss of control events and the persistence of asthma in preschool-aged children.
- To identify potential early indicators of persistent asthma in young children.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of medical records for children under 6 years diagnosed with asthma in 2018.
- Assessment of loss of control events over a three-year follow-up period.
- Definition of asthma persistence based on medication redemption post-follow-up; analysis using logistic regression.
Main Results:
- Out of 172 preschoolers with asthma, 73.3% experienced at least one loss of control event.
- 50.6% of the children had persistent asthma one year after follow-up.
- Any loss of control event significantly increased the odds of persistent asthma (aOR, 10.9; P < 0.001), even after adjustments.
Conclusions:
- Loss of control events in preschoolers with asthma are strongly associated with disease persistence.
- These findings suggest that monitoring loss of control events can aid clinicians in assessing the risk of persistent asthma in young children.
- Early identification and management of loss of control events may be vital for long-term asthma outcomes.
Aim:
To describe the relationship between loss of control events in preschoolers with asthma and persistence of disease.
Methods:
We reviewed medical records of children <6 years diagnosed with asthma in 2018 to assess loss of control events during three years of follow-up. Asthma persistency was defined by redeem of short-acting β2-agonist or asthma controllers within one year after the end of follow-up. Logistic regression models were applied to analyse the association between loss of control events and persistence of asthma.
Results:
We included 172 patients (median age 1.8 years), whereof 126 (73.3%) experienced a loss of control event and 87 (50.6%) had asthma one year after the end of follow-up. Any loss of control event was associated with persistence of asthma adjusted for controller treatment at inclusion, prior exacerbations, atopic comorbidity and caesarean section: aOR, 10.9 (95% CI, 3.9-34.6), p < 0.001. This was also significant restricted to events in the first year of follow-up: 3.52 (1.50-8.67), p < 0.01 and among children only experiencing one event: 6.4 (1.7-27.3), p = 0.01.
Conclusion:
Loss of control events during a 3-year period among preschoolers with asthma are closely related to disease persistency, which may aid clinicians to assess risk of persistent asthma in young children.
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