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A flexible protruding microelectrode array for neural interfacing in bioelectronic medicine.

Helen Steins1,2, Michael Mierzejewski1, Lisa Brauns1

  • 1NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, Reutlingen, Germany.

Microsystems & Nanoengineering
|December 26, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a novel 3D microelectrode array for precise neural signal recording. This low-invasive device offers improved signal quality for studying autonomic nerves and advancing bioelectronic medicine applications.

Keywords:
EngineeringMaterials science

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Area of Science:

  • Bioelectronic Medicine
  • Neural Engineering
  • Microsystems Technology

Background:

  • Recording neural signals from delicate autonomic nerves is difficult.
  • Existing neural interfaces lack the required selectivity and micrometer-sized electrodes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a low-invasive, three-dimensional (3D) protruding thin-film microelectrode array (MEA).
  • To enable selective recording of low-amplitude neural signals from autonomic nervous structures.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of cylindrical gold pillars on a polyimide substrate using electroplating.
  • Insulation of sidewalls with parylene C and optional tip modification (wet etching, TiN coating).
  • Evaluation of microelectrode impedance and noise levels, followed by ex vivo testing with mouse retinae.

Main Results:

  • Developed 3D microelectrodes with low impedances (~7 kΩ) and low intrinsic noise.
  • Successfully recorded spontaneous neuronal spikes with amplitudes up to 66 µV in mouse retinae.
  • Demonstrated the potential for transverse nerve penetration to reduce recording distance.

Conclusions:

  • The novel process enables fabrication of flexible, 3D neural interfaces with low-impedance microelectrodes.
  • This technology can selectively record neural signals from delicate structures like retinal cells and autonomic nerves.
  • Offers potential for improved signal quality in bioelectronic medicine for neural circuit studies and stimulation strategies.