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Dexamethasone may affect the occurrence of parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis in preterm neonates

Saizhi Jiang1, Qingqing Hu1, Jing Zhang1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.

Frontiers in Pediatrics
|December 26, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Late postnatal dexamethasone may protect preterm neonates from parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis. This study found dexamethasone treatment reduced the incidence of this condition in vulnerable infants.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatology
  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Glucocorticoids manage autoimmune hepatitis and cholestatic diseases.
  • The efficacy of glucocorticoids for parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis is unknown.
  • Bronchopulmonary dysplasia treatment with dexamethasone may impact cholestasis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if late postnatal dexamethasone influences parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis in preterm neonates.
  • To analyze the protective effect of dexamethasone on cholestasis development.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 78 preterm neonates (<30 weeks gestation, birthweight ≤1000g).
  • Bilirubin levels monitored bi-weekly.
  • Data on dexamethasone, intravenous nutrition, and enteral feeding collected via audits.

Main Results:

  • 15 neonates diagnosed with parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis.
  • Prolonged parenteral nutrition was a risk factor.
  • Late postnatal dexamethasone treatment was a protective factor.

Conclusions:

  • Dexamethasone treatment may decrease the incidence of parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis.
  • Further research into dexamethasone's role in neonatal cholestasis is warranted.
Abstract

Keywords:
extremely low birthweightglucocorticoidsliver diseaseparenteral nutrition associated cholestasispostnatal period

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