Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 16, 2025

Dissociation of the Confounding Influences of Expectancy and Integrative Difficulty Residing in Anomalous Sentences in Event-related Potential Studies

Dissociation of the Confounding Influences of Expectancy and Integrative Difficulty Residing in Anomalous Sentences in Event-related Potential Studies

Published on: May 9, 2019

Processing Anaphoric Constructions: Insights from Electrophysiological Studies.

Sarah M Callahan¹

¹University of California, San Diego.

Journal of Neurolinguistics

|December 26, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Related Concept Videos

Empathy

Empathy

Some researchers suggest that altruism operates on empathy. Empathy is the capacity to understand another person’s perspective, to feel what he or she feels. An empathetic person makes an emotional connection with others and feels compelled to help (Batson, 1991). Empathy can be expressed in several ways, including cognitive, affective, and motor.

Cognitivism

Cognitivism

Cognitive psychology emerged as a significant field in the mid-20th century. It focused on understanding humans' internal mental processes. This approach emphasizes how people perceive, remember, think, and solve problems—elements critical to human cognition.
Previously dominated by behaviorism, which prioritized observable behaviors and largely ignored mental processes, psychology transformed in the 1950s. Cognitive psychologists argue that understanding how we think and process...

Action Potential

Action Potential

Neurons communicate by firing action potentials—the electrochemical signal that is propagated along the axon. The signal results in the release of neurotransmitters at axon terminals, thereby transmitting information to the nervous system. An action potential is a specific "all-or-none" change in membrane potential that results in a rapid spike in voltage.
Membrane potential in neurons
Neurons typically have a resting membrane potential of about -70 millivolts (mV). When they...

Encoding

Encoding

Information enters the brain through encoding, which is the input of information into the memory system. Once sensory information is received from the environment, the brain labels or codes it. The information is then organized with similar information and connected to existing concepts. Encoding occurs through automatic processing and effortful processing.
Automatic processing involves the encoding of details like time, space, frequency, and the meaning of words, usually done without conscious...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

The processing and interpretation of verb phrase ellipsis constructions by children at normal and slowed speech rates.

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR·2012

Same author

Parallelism effects and verb activation: the sustained reactivation hypothesis.

Journal of psycholinguistic research·2009

Same journal

Semantic and Syntactic Language Differences Associated with the <i>FMR1</i> Premutation Genotype.

Journal of neurolinguistics·2026

Same journal

Online comprehension of verbal time reference in primary progressive aphasia: Evidence from eyetracking.

Journal of neurolinguistics·2026

Same journal

Contrastive stress in persons with Parkinson's disease who speak Mandarin: Task effect in production and preserved perception.

Journal of neurolinguistics·2025

Same journal

Word Picture Verification Performance Reveals Auditory Comprehension Deficits in Primary Progressive Aphasia.

Journal of neurolinguistics·2025

Same journal

Disintegration at the Syntax-Semantics Interface in Prodromal Alzheimer's Disease: New Evidence from Complex Sentence Anaphora in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI).

Journal of neurolinguistics·2024

Same journal

The production of adjectives in narratives by individuals with primary progressive aphasia.

Journal of neurolinguistics·2023

See all related articles

Electrophysiological studies reveal that linguistic mechanisms and anaphor characteristics in anaphora processing are linked to information availability and expectation formation. These findings necessitate revisions to current models of anaphoric processing time-course.

Area of Science:

Psycholinguistics
Neuroscience
Computational Linguistics

Background:

Anaphora, a fundamental communication aspect, has been studied using linguistic and psycholinguistic methods.
Existing theories of anaphoric usage and processing lack neurophysiological grounding.
Electrophysiological techniques offer a novel approach to investigate language processing.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the neurophysiological effects of key anaphoric relationship characteristics.
To examine the influence of the underlying linguistic mechanism and anaphor nature on processing.
To reevaluate existing anaphoric processing theories using electrophysiological data.

Main Methods:

Comprehensive review of electrophysiological studies on anaphoric constructions.

Keywords:

Anaphora Electrophysiology Event-related potentials (ERPs)Language Referential processing

More Related Videos

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology

Published on: June 29, 2021

Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects

Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects

Published on: November 30, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 16, 2025

Dissociation of the Confounding Influences of Expectancy and Integrative Difficulty Residing in Anomalous Sentences in Event-related Potential Studies

Dissociation of the Confounding Influences of Expectancy and Integrative Difficulty Residing in Anomalous Sentences in Event-related Potential Studies

Published on: May 9, 2019

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology

Published on: June 29, 2021

Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects

Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects

Published on: November 30, 2018

Analysis of neurophysiological data to identify effects of linguistic mechanism and anaphor type.

Comparison of findings with established theories and models of anaphoric processing.

Main Results:

Anaphoric relationship characteristics' effects are reducible to information availability time-course and expectation formation.
Electrophysiological data reveal distinct neurophysiological patterns based on these characteristics.
Established theories of anaphoric usage are generally supported by the reviewed data.

Conclusions:

The study provides novel insights into the neurophysiological underpinnings of anaphora processing.
Finer-grained models of anaphoric processing time-course require revision to incorporate electrophysiological findings.
Electrophysiology is a valuable tool for advancing our understanding of language comprehension.