When a Robot Is Your Teammate

Creating effective teamwork between humans and robots involves not only addressing their performance as a team but also sustaining the quality and sense of unity among teammates, also known as cohesion. This paper explores the research problem of: how can we endow robotic teammates with social capabilities to improve the cohesive alliance with humans? By defining the concept of a human-robot cohesive alliance in the light of the multidimensional construct of cohesion from the social sciences, we propose to address this problem through the idea of multifaceted human-robot cohesion. We present our preliminary effort from previous works to examine each of the five dimensions of cohesion: social, collective, emotional, structural, and task. We finish the paper with a discussion on how human-robot cohesion contributes to the key questions and ongoing challenges of creating robotic teammates. Overall, cohesion in human-robot teams might be a key factor to propel team performance and it should be considered in the design, development, and evaluation of robotic teammates.