The Effect of Prolactinoma on Tear Film Function

To compare dry eye parameters in prolactinoma patients and healthy controls and evaluate their correlation with prolactin (PRL) levels and the duration of hyperprolactinemia.

Consecutive patients with prolactinoma and healthy controls were included in the study. Schirmer, tear break-up time (TBUT), tear osmolarity values, and ocular surface disease index (OSDI) scores were evaluated for each patient. Follow-up time and total duration of hyperprolactinemia were recorded for prolactinoma patients.

The study included 39 eyes of 39 patients with prolactinoma and 39 eyes of 39 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. Prolactinoma patients showed lower Schirmer (14.1±8.4 vs. 24.8±8.9 mm; p<0.001) and TBUT values (7.0±3.2 vs. 11.6±2.6 s; p<0.001) and higher OSDI scores (20.6±16.6 vs. 5.8±2.4; p<0.001) compared to the healthy controls. While the mean osmolarity of the prolactinoma patients was 301.6±8.3 mOsm/L, it was 297.7±12.5 mOsm/L for the healthy controls (p=0.07). The duration of hyperprolactinemia in prolactinoma patients showed a negative correlation with Schirmer (r=-0.395; p=0.013) and TBUT values (r=-0.377; p=0.018) and a positive correlation with OSDI scores (r=0.337; p=0.036).

Prolactinoma patients had significantly lower Schirmer and TBUT levels and higher OSDI scores compared to the healthy controls, but no significant difference in tear osmolarity. The effect of high PRL levels on tear film function was duration-dependent.