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The Parathyroid Glands

The Parathyroid Glands

The two pairs of parathyroid glands embedded within the posterior surface of the thyroid gland are restricted by a dense capsule around them. These glands comprise two distinct cell populations—parathyroid oxyphil and parathyroid principal cells- pivotal in calcium homeostasis.
Oxyphil cells, whose functions remain elusive, emerge during late puberty, adding a layer of complexity to the parathyroid gland's intricacies. In contrast, principal parathyroid cells undertake a vital role by...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 15, 2025

Establishment of a Simple and Effective Rat Model for Intraoperative Parathyroid Gland Imaging

Establishment of a Simple and Effective Rat Model for Intraoperative Parathyroid Gland Imaging

Published on: August 17, 2022

Atypical parathyroid adenoma: A case report.

Chayma Besrour^1,2, Imen Rojbi^1,2, Nadia Mchirgui^1,2

¹Department of Endocrinology Charles Nicolle Hospital Tunis Tunisia.

Clinical Case Reports

|December 29, 2022

Summary

A rare atypical parathyroid adenoma caused severe hypercalcemia and high parathormone (PTH) levels. Surgical removal normalized PTH, highlighting the need for careful diagnosis and surveillance of these tumors.

Keywords:

atypical parathyroid adenoma case report hypercalcemia hyperparathyroidism

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Last Updated: Aug 15, 2025

Establishment of a Simple and Effective Rat Model for Intraoperative Parathyroid Gland Imaging

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Published on: August 17, 2022

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Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Surgical Pathology

Background:

Atypical parathyroid adenoma is a rare tumor with uncertain malignant potential, posing diagnostic challenges.
Primary hyperparathyroidism can manifest with severe hypercalcemia and significantly elevated parathormone (PTH) levels.

Observation:

A 55-year-old woman presented with severe hypercalcemia and markedly elevated PTH (1325.62 pg/ml) due to a large left inferior parathyroid adenoma.
Histopathological examination of the resected tumor confirmed it as an atypical parathyroid adenoma.

Findings:

Surgical resection of the atypical parathyroid adenoma led to a significant decrease in postoperative PTH levels to 152 pg/ml.
The case underscores the diagnostic difficulties and the need for vigilant monitoring in atypical parathyroid adenoma.

Implications:

Accurate histological diagnosis and prompt surgical intervention are crucial for managing atypical parathyroid adenomas.
Long-term patient surveillance is essential due to the uncertain malignant potential and incompletely understood outcomes of atypical parathyroid adenomas.