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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction01:26

Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction

36
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) impact various parts of the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. These infections are generally bacterial, with Escherichia coli being the most common causative agent, often originating from the gastrointestinal tract. However, other bacteria, such as Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis, are also known to cause UTIs. The type, location, and underlying complexity of the UTI guide both...
36
Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management01:17

Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management

65
In managing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in nursing, a comprehensive assessment is essential. Begin by gathering subjective data, such as the patient’s complaints of dysuria (painful urination), urinary frequency, urgency, suprapubic pain, and any lower abdominal discomfort. This information can be complemented by questions regarding previous UTIs, sexual activity, and personal hygiene practices, which can provide insight into risk factors. Objective assessment should focus on signs...
65
Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology01:25

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

28
The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...
28
Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:30

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

23
A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
23
Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

31
Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such...
31
Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test01:26

Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test

81
A urine culture and sensitivity test is a diagnostic procedure used to identify urinary tract bacterial infections and determine the most effective antibiotics for treatment. This test is generally preferred when a patient shows manifestations of a urinary tract infection, such as frequent or painful urination, cloudy or foul-smelling urine, or lower abdominal pain.Purpose of the TestThe primary goals of a urine culture and sensitivity test are to:Determine the specific bacteria causing the...
81

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A Neonatal Imaging Model of Gram-Negative Bacterial Sepsis
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Urinary Tract Infections in Low Birth Weight Neonates.

Shruthi Janardhan1, Sharon Kim2, Blerim Cukovic1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Staten Island University Hospital, Northwell Health, Staten Island, New York.

American Journal of Perinatology
|December 29, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in low birth weight neonates, especially boys. An educational intervention significantly increased urine culture compliance in neonatal intensive care units.

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a concern in low birth weight (LBW) neonates.
  • Accurate diagnosis of UTIs is crucial for appropriate management in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of UTIs in LBW neonates.
  • To assess the impact of an educational intervention on NICU providers' compliance with urine culture guidelines during late-onset sepsis (LOS) evaluations.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective and prospective chart reviews of LBW infants undergoing LOS evaluations.
  • Implementation of an educational intervention focused on urine culture practices.
  • Comparison of UTI incidence and urine culture compliance rates before and after the intervention.

Main Results:

  • The overall incidence of UTIs in LBW neonates was 1.3%.
  • Urine culture compliance increased significantly from 20% to 57% post-intervention (p < 0.0001).
  • UTIs in this population frequently occurred without concurrent bacteremia and showed a higher prevalence in male infants.

Conclusions:

  • Educational interventions effectively improve urine culture rates in LOS evaluations.
  • UTIs are common in LBW neonates and can be missed if urine cultures are not performed.
  • Findings highlight the importance of urine cultures for diagnosing UTIs in LBW infants, even in the absence of bacteremia.