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Prevention of pressure injuries during military aeromedical evacuation or prolonged field care: A randomized trial
Elizabeth Bridges1, JoAnne Whitney2, Debra Metter2
1Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Informatics, University of Washington School of Nursing, Seattle Washington, USA; United States Air Force Nurse Corps (ret).
Background:
During military aeromedical evacuation (AE) and prolonged field care (PFC), casualties are at increased pressure injury (PI) risk. Operational PI mitigation strategies research is limited.
Purpose:
Using multiple factors, this study examined Mepilex/LiquiCell effects on PI risk under simulated AE/PFC.
Methods:
Healthy adults were stratified by body fat (%) and randomized to six groups on three surfaces. Set A: Warrior Evacuation Litter Pad (WELP) with/without Mepilex; Set B: Vacuum Spine Board (VSB) with/without Mepilex; Set C: Talon litter with/without LiquiCell. Two hours supine (loaded) was needed.
Outcomes:
Sacral skin transcutaneous tissue oxygen (TcPO2), temperature, moisture, interface pressure, interleukin-1α/Total Protein.
Findings:
54 participants. Sets A/B: No Mepilex effects; temperature increased 2.5°C. Set C: No LiquiCell effects. Significant ΔTcPO2 (unloaded-loaded), with 100% impaired perfusion; temperature increased 1.2°C.
Discussion:
Multiple risk factors for PI mitigating strategies must consider. Talon with increased pressure/impaired perfusion but smaller temperature/moisture changes; WELP/VSB with increased temperature/moisture but lower pressure/adequate perfusion.
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