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The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
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Updated: Aug 15, 2025

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Ozone and microstructural morphological changes of tooth enamel.

Alin Daniel Floare1, David Focht, Adrian Ioan Hajdu

  • 11st Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timişoara, Romania; cristinatalpos@yahoo.com; balean.octavia@umft.ro.

Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology = Revue Roumaine De Morphologie Et Embryologie
|January 2, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ozone (O3) treatment enhances tooth enamel micro-hardness and remineralization. This minimally invasive dental therapy shows promise for caries treatment and oral cavity antimicrobial support.

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Science
  • Biomaterials Science

Background:

  • Dental caries remains a significant oral health issue.
  • Minimally invasive treatments and antimicrobial strategies are sought for caries management.
  • Ozone therapy is explored for its potential in dentistry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the microstructural effects of ozone (O3) treatment on tooth enamel.
  • To evaluate enamel changes at various treatment time intervals.
  • To assess the potential of ozone as a minimally invasive dental therapeutic agent.

Main Methods:

  • Ozonation of tooth enamel using gaseous O3 from HealOzone X4.
  • Measurement of demineralization levels with the DiagnoDent Pen 2190.
  • Observation of enamel microstructure changes via scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Main Results:

  • Ozone exposure for 40-50 seconds significantly enhanced enamel micro-hardness.
  • A high remineralization rate, between 96.82% and 97.38%, was observed.
  • SEM analysis confirmed beneficial microstructural alterations in the enamel surface.

Conclusions:

  • Ozone (O3) treatment presents a viable, minimally invasive approach for dental caries management.
  • Ozone therapy offers potential antimicrobial support for the oral cavity.
  • This study supports ozone as an alternative to conventional dental treatments.