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DNA Isolation

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DNA isolation protocols can be fast and straightforward or complex and time-consuming depending on the type and quality of DNA required for further processing. For example, plasmid DNA extraction is a bit more complicated than genomic DNA extraction because of the need for an appropriate lysis method to separate plasmid DNA from gDNA during isolation. However, for specific applications, such as long-range DNA sequencing that require a good yield of high- quality DNA samples, we need to follow...

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Optimized Bone Sampling Protocols for the Retrieval of Ancient DNA from Archaeological Remains

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Published on: November 30, 2021

Comparative study of Rapid DNA versus conventional methods on compromised bones.

Mavis Date Chong¹, Sandra Sheehan¹, Jessica Battaglia¹

¹State of California, Department of Justice, Jan Bashinski DNA Laboratory, 1001 W. Cutting Blvd, Richmond, CA 94804, USA.

Forensic Science International. Genetics

|January 2, 2023

Summary

Conventional DNA extraction methods outperform rapid DNA methods for analyzing compromised bones, yielding higher DNA quantities and more complete STR profiles, especially from degraded samples. Rapid DNA systems showed lower sensitivity and reliability in genotyping accuracy.

Keywords:

Compromised bones Extraction efficiency Rapid DNA STR typing success

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Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

Area of Science:

Forensic Science
Molecular Biology
Biochemistry

Background:

Forensic DNA analysis relies on Short Tandem Repeat (STR) profiling.
Compromised bone samples present significant challenges due to DNA degradation and low quantity.
Rapid DNA technologies offer potential for faster analysis but require validation with challenging samples.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the efficacy of conventional DNA extraction methods versus rapid DNA methods for STR profiling of compromised bone samples.
To evaluate DNA yield, degradation levels, and the success rate of obtaining complete STR profiles using different methods.
To assess the sensitivity and reliability of rapid DNA systems (ANDE 6C, RapidHIT ID) compared to conventional techniques.

Main Methods:

Conventional methods included manual full demineralization and semi-automated extraction (PrepFiler BTA/AutoMate Express).
Rapid DNA systems analyzed were ANDE 6C and RapidHIT ID.
DNA extracts underwent analysis for quantity, degradation, and STR profile completeness (CODIS 20, GlobalFiler, FlexPlex 27).

Main Results:

Full demineralization yielded higher DNA quantities than the AutoMate Express, particularly for degraded bones.
Additional clean-up with NucleoSpin XS improved allele detection for both conventional methods.
Complete CODIS 20 profiles were obtained from all methods for high-quality bone, but rapid methods failed on low-quantity, compromised bones.

Conclusions:

Conventional DNA extraction methods are more sensitive and reliable for obtaining complete STR profiles from compromised bone samples compared to tested rapid DNA systems.
Rapid DNA systems demonstrated lower sensitivity and genotyping accuracy, requiring significantly higher DNA input for complete profiles.
Further optimization is needed for rapid DNA technologies to effectively analyze challenging forensic samples like degraded bone.